The category of mood reflects the relation of the action

denoted by the verb to reality from the speaker’s point of view.

Mood

•The imperative mood in English is expressed synthetically (affirmative: do it!) and analytically (negative: Don’t do it!).

•English imperative with let has the

corresponding Ukrainian forms with the particles нум (singular) and нумо (plural), cf. Нум я зачитаю! Нумо заспівайте!

•English conditional mood employs the forms of

the past and past perfect and the past of the modal verbs would/should, cf.

If I knew that I would change my mind/

If I had known that before I would have changed my mind.

•The only exception is the specific form of the verb to be (Were she at home I would come over).

In Ukrainian conditional also employs the forms of the past and pluperfect and adds the particle би, cf.

Якби я знав, я б передумав/

Якби я був знав це раніше, я був би

прийшов/ Була б вона удома, я б прийшов.

•The category of order (time correlation) shows whether the action is viewed as prior to (perfect) or irrespective (non-perfect) of other actions and situations.

•In English it is represented by the system of opposemes such as writes/write – has/have written; wrote – had written; writing – having written; to be written – to have been written.

•Thus, in English there exist present, past and future

perfect forms which are formed with the help of the discontinuous morpheme have/has…ed/en

(has/have written, had written, ’ll have written).

•In Ukrainian the category of order is only represented by the pluperfect which corresponds to the English Past Perfect.

•It is built with the help of the analytical

word-morpheme бути and the past form of the notional verb (задрімав був/задрімала була/ задрімали були).

• In Ukrainian the morphological category of gender is expressed only by verb

forms of the past tense (брав, брала, брало) and by the conditional mood (взяв би, взяла б, взяло б).

•In plural in all these cases we have the common form for all three gеnders (брали б, взяли б).