Suggested Readings

1. The Lectures.

2. Антрушина Г. Б., Афанасьева О. В., Морозова Н. Н. Лексикология английского языка. — 3-е изд. — М.: Дрофа, 2001. — C. 129—142, 147—160 (1985: 99—110, 113—124).

Glossary Terms:

componental analysis; connotational (connotative) aspect; denotational (denotative) aspect; Significational (significative) aspect; lexico-grammmatical variant; polysemy; polysemantic word; semantic structure of the word; semantic component (seme); lexical meaning; grammatical meaning; structure of meaning; metaphor; metonymy.

Practical Home Assignment: cards with examples.

Individual Class Assignments

Explain the mechanism of the transference of meaning (metaphor or metonymy) in the given examples. Use the cards for quizzes to record your answers.

Card 1

1. neck (of a person) > neck of a bottle

2. nickel (metal) > a nickel (coin)

3. chair (piece of furniture) > chair (position of professor)

4. deep waters > deep thoughts

5. flash of lightning > news flash

Card 2

1. buzz (sound) > buzz (telephone call)

2. chain (made of metal) > chain of events

3. drown in a river > drown one’s sorrows

4. empty rooms > empty promises

5. heart (organ) > broken heart (feelings)

Card 3

1. father of a child > father of scientific thought

2. to fly in the sky > to fly into temper

3. hand (part of the body) > the iron hand (power)

4. house (building) > House of Commons (part of parliament)

5. to kill a wolf > to kill time

Card 4

1. head (part of the body) > head of the family

2. flow of blood > flow of thought

3. knees (part of the body) > torn knees of trousers

4. mint (plant) > a mint (sweet containing mint)

5. lame person > lame excuse

Card 5

1. head (part of the body) > head (mind)

2. paper (material) > examination paper

3. ray of sunshine > ray of hope

4. ripe fruit > ripe old age

5. work (activity) > work (piece of writing)

SEMINAR 3

Homonyms, synonyms, and antonyms in english

1. Polysemy and homonymy: criteria of differentiation.

2. Sources of homonymy.

3. Types of homonyms.

4. Criteria of synonymity.

2. Types of synonyms.

6. Interrelation of synonyms and antonyms.

7. Types of antonyms.

Suggested Readings

1. The Lectures.

2. Антрушина Г. Б., Афанасьева О. В., Морозова Н. Н. Лексикология английского языка. — 3-е изд. — М.: Дрофа, 2001. — C. 166—175, 184—197, 209—219 (1985: 128—135, 142—153, 161—169).

Glossary Terms:

split polysemy; homonyms; homonyms proper; homographs; homophones; homoforms (lexico-grammatical homonyms); antonyms; synonyms; dominant synonym; ideographic synonyms; stylistic synonyms.

Practical Home Assignment: cards with examples.

Individual Class Assignment 1

The following humorous poem is based on the erroneous choice of homonyms during the use of the spelling checker on a computer. Rewrite one part of the poem assigned to you by the professor correctly so that it would make sense.

The Spelling Checker Poem

1. I have a spelling checker.

It came with my PC.

It plane lee marks four my revue

Miss steaks aye can knot see.

2. Eye ran this poem threw it.

Your sure real glad two no.

Its very polished in its weigh,

My checker tolled me sew.

3. A checker is a blessing.

It freeze yew lodes of thyme.

It helps me right awl stiles to reed,

And aides me when eye rime.

4. Each frays comes posed up an my screen

Eye trussed too bee a joule.

The checker pours o'er every word

To cheque sum spelling rule.

5. Bee fore a veiling checkers

Hour spelling mite decline.

And if we're lacks oar have a laps,

We wood be maid to wine.

6. Butt now bee cause my spelling

Is checked with such grate flare,

There are know faults with in my cite,

Of nun eye am a wear.

7. Now spelling does not phase me,

It does knot bring a tier.

My pay purrs awl due glad den

With wrapped words fare as hear.

8. To rite with care is quite a feet

Of witch won should be proud,

And wee mussed dew the best wee can,

Sew flaws are knot aloud.

9. Sow ewe can sea why aye dew prays

Such soft wear four pea seas,

And why eye brake in two averse

Buy righting want too please.