Section III. Lexical-grammar test
Для того, чтобы выполнить контрольную работу, необходимо усвоить следующий грамматический материал:
1. Существительное. Число, падеж.
2. Местоимение. Личные и притяжательные местоимения.
3. Прилагательное. Степени сравнения.
4. Числительное. Порядковые и количественные числительные.
5. Глагол. Правильные и неправильные глаголы. Видо-временные формы английского глагола (действительный залог).
6. Словообразование. Основные словообразовательные суффиксы.
7. Структура предложения. Повествовательные, вопросительные, отрицательные предложения. Оборот there is/are.
I. Прочтите текст и письменно ответьте на вопросы, следующие за ним.
Higher Education in the usa
1. Higher education in America is provided by colleges and universities. The main difference between a college and a university is that the latter is a collection of colleges each of which specializes in a different field.
2. American colleges and universities are either private or public. There are nearly 1900 institutes of higher learning in America. Roughly one-third are state institutions, 1,200 are private ones. Only about half of the school children graduate from high school in America and receive a high school diploma. College is getting more expensive every year. Not all American families can afford universities education.
3. The American high school offers a wide variety of courses. In the same school a student can specialize in economics, in chemistry and physics, Latin and humanities, or in automobile mechanics. During the four-year high school program, the student studies four or five major subjects per year. In addition the students usually have classes in physical education, music and art. The first two years are a continuation of secondary education; then a student begins an intensive study of his special field. If a student fails a course, he repeats only that course and not the work of the entire year.
4. Students are classified as2 freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors. A freshman is a first year student; a sophomore, a second year student; a junior, a third year student; and a senior, a fourth year student. All students who have graduated from the senior class and who continue studies at a university are classified as advanced students or graduate students.
5. At the conclusion of studies a college or university grants a bachelor's degree; after one or two additional years of studies — a master's degree. The highest academic degree is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). It may take a number of years to complete the original research work necessary to obtain this degree.
6. College prepares the student for two things: either graduate studies, leading to a master's or doctor's degree, or a job immediately after graduation! The majority of college graduates have to apply to public and private employment agencies to get any job, which is not an easy thing.
Notes:
1 is provided by — зд. осуществляется
2 Students are classified as ... — Студентов подразделяют на ...
3 either ... or — либо ... либо
EXERCISES:
1. How many institutes of higher learning are there in America?
2. Are there private and state colleges in the USA?
3. Is education getting more expensive every year?
4. When does a student begin an intensive study of his special field?
5. The highest academic degree is PhD, isn't it? II. Письменно переведите 2, 5, 6-й абзацы текста.
III. По суффиксу определите и отберите: 1) существительные 2) прилагательные 3) глаголы 4) наречия:
education, difference, collection, specialize, different, American, nearly, roughly, institution, expensive, addition, physical, intensive, special, conclusion, additional, academic, immediately, easy, employment, critisize.
IV. Определите степени сравнения прилагательных:
the highest degree, the oldest university, the most interesting innovation, the poorer boys, a more difficult subject, a more philosophical college, the largest university.
V. Выпишите из 4-го абзаца порядковые числительные.
VI. Выпишите из 5-го абзаца существительные в притяжательном падеже.
VII. Употребите местоимения в нужной форме.
1. Students' councils are responsible for various activities. ... help to settle students' problems. ... main role is to represent the interests of the students.
2. The Open University was founded in 1964. ... takes both men and women at the age of 21 and over. ... is a non-residential university. ... first course began in 1971.
3. Michael N. is a student. ... studies at the University. As a rule ... gets up at 7 o'clock. ... lessons start at 8.30. It takes ... 30 minutes to get to the University.
VIII. a) Поставьте глагол to be в нужной форме.
1. The university ... a collection of colleges. 2. The first two years at the University ... a continuation of secondary education. 3. A freshman ... a first-year student. 4. There ... no other universities in England, apart from Oxford and Cambridge, until the 19th century. 5. Universities ... centres of research. 6. Bacon, Cromwell, Newton ... Oxbridge students.
б) Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
IX. Составьте предложения по модели, употребив оборот there is/are.
М о d е 1: a tendency; to expand old universities; in Britain There is a tendency to expand old universities in Britain.
1) nearly 1900 institutes of higher learning; in America 2) more than 40 universities; in Britain
3) numerous societies; in British universities
4) more than 150,000 students; at the Open University
X. Определите функции глагола to have в 3, 4, 6-м абзацах.
XI. а) Определите видо-временную форму глаголов в следующих предложениях; предложения переведите.
1. Each university decides each year how many students it supposes to admit. 2. College graduates have applied to a public employment agency to get a job. 3. Many great men studied at Oxbridge. 4. In teaching the Open University uses a combination of television and radiobroadcasts. They have also produced a whole library of short course-books. 5. At any time a student needs advice, members of the Union Council will be glad to be of assistance. 6. College education is getting more expensive every year.
б) Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
Keys:
Ex. 4. 1-f, 2-h, 3-е, 4-a. 5-b, 6-c, 7-d, 8-g. Ex. 5. 1-b, 2-е, 3-a, 4-b, 5-b.