7 Guess what definitions in column b correspond to the term in column a. Check that your ideas make sense in the context of the text.
1. anaesthetic |
a. the state of being without normal sensory awareness; insensibility |
2. sensation |
b. any manipulation of the body or one of its organs or parts to repair damage, arrest the progress of a disease, remove foreign matter, etc |
3. unconsciousness |
c. essential to maintain life |
4. operation |
d. causing or characterized by anaesthesia |
5. safe |
e. any sensation or change in bodily function experienced by a patient that is associated with a particular disease |
6. vital |
f. a gaseous anaesthetic, such as nitrous oxide |
7. gases |
g. affording security or protection from harm |
8. symptom |
h. the power of perceiving through the senses |
8 Read the text about anaesthetic agents. Some words and word combinations have been removed from the article. Choose from the words the one which fits each gap. Translate the text.
Anaesthetic agents
Volatile agents are specially formulated organic liquids that evaporate readily into 1______, and are given by inhalation for induction and/or maintenance of 2______ anesthesia. Nitrous oxide and xenon are 3______ at room temperature rather than liquids, so they are not considered volatile agents. The ideal anesthetic vapor or gas should be non-flammable, 4______, lipid-soluble, and should possess low blood gas solubility, have no end organ (heart, liver, kidney) toxicity or side-effects, should not be metabolized, and should be 5______ when inhaled by patients.
Certain pharmacokinetic 6______ of volatile agents have become another point of comparison. Most 7_______ of those properties is known as the blood: gas partition coefficient. This concept refers to the relative solubility of a given agent in 8______. Those agents with a lower blood solubility (i.e., a lower blood–gas partition coefficient; e.g., desflurane) give the anesthesia provider greater rapidity in titrating the depth of anesthesia, and permit a more rapid 9______ from the anesthetic state upon discontinuing their administration. In fact, newer 10______ agents (e.g., sevoflurane, desflurane) have been popular due to their versatility for a faster emergence from anesthesia, thanks to their lower blood–gas partition coefficient.
– important; b. – non-explosive; c. – blood; d. – vapors; e. – volatile; f. – gases; g. – non-irritant; h. – general; i. – properties; j. – emergence.
9 Now scan the text about the anaesthetic machine and in each passage find English equivalents of the following Russian terms:
Anaesthetic
machine
http://www.ganfyd.org/index.php?title=Anaesthetic_machine
Anaesthetic machine
The anaesthetic machine is used by anaesthetists to support the administration of anaesthesia. The most common type of anaesthetic machine in use in the developed world is the continuous-flow anaesthetic machine, which is designed to provide an accurate and continuous supply of medical gases (such as oxygen and nitrous oxide), mixed with an accurate concentration of anaesthetic vapour (such as isoflurane), and deliver this to the patient at a safe pressure and flow. Modern machines incorporate a ventilator, suction unit, and patient-monitoring devices.
1. применение, введение анестезии |
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2. наркозный аппарат постоянного потока |
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3. медицинский газ |
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4. испарение наркозного средства |
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5. аспиратор |
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6. устройства контроля за пациентом |
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