- •Неличные формы глагола инфинитив
- •(Verbals)
- •Verbal Predicate
- •The infinitive
- •The infinitive can be:
- •1.1 Forms of the infinitive
- •Practice
- •1.2. The bare infinitive and the to-infinitive the use of the bare infinitive
- •1.2.1 “Let”, “make”, “would rather/ sooner” and “had better”
- •1.2.2 The infinitive with or without “to” after “help” and “know”
- •Practice
- •Context
- •When we were at school as children we were (make/wear) ……………………………
- •1.3. The functions of the infinitive
- •1.3.1 Infinitive as subject
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •The compound verbal predicate
- •Practice
- •Infinitive as subject
- •Infinitive as predicative
- •The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate
- •1.3.2 The infinitive as object
- •Come lend repeat show shut wait
- •2. Complete the sentences for each situation.
- •3. Complete these sentences so that the meaning is similar to the first sentence.
- •4. Put the verb in the right form:–ing or infinitive (with or without to).
- •1.3.3. The infinitive as attribute
- •5. The noun-substitute one.
- •Practice
- •Model: I had avoided the house all day and had brought food that we could eat by the lake.
- •Complete the following using the infinitives as attributes.
- •1.3.4. The infinitive as adverbial modifier
- •Adverbial modifier of purpose
- •Revision
- •1.4. Constructions with the Infinitive
- •1.4.1 The for-to-infinitive construction
- •In translating this construction into Russian a subordinate clause or an infinitive is used.
- •Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
- •Practice
- •1.4.2 The Objective with the Infinitive Construction (Complex object)
- •The Complex Object is used after the verbs:
- •Practice
- •1.4.3 The subjective infinitive construction (complex subject) (the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive Construction)
- •Practice
- •1.5 Test yourself
- •Insert 'to’ where necessary before the infinitives in brackets:
- •Fill in the correct form of the Infinitive:
- •Paraphrase the sentences so as to use the Infinitive:
- •Define the function of the Infinitive:
- •Translate the sentences into English using infinitives and infinitive constructions:
- •Bibliography
Revision
Define the function of the infinitive:
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It was clever of him not to ask for more money.
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She was the one to be loved for ever.
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She began to talk about leaving her job.
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The bank advised me to take the loan.
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The pleasure to visit them was great.
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To understand the rule means to use it.
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There was nothing else to say.
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Our plan was to start the job right away.
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We used to meet every week.
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You can come whenever you want.
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You were the first to complete the task.
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It gives me pleasure to visit them.
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She was sorry to have been treating him so cruelly.
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She continued to ignore his jokes.
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To tell the truth, it was pleasant to do this exercise.
1.4. Constructions with the Infinitive
The infinitive is used in the following predicative constructions of two types:
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the for-to-infinitive construction
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the objective with the infinitive construction (complex object)
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The subjective infinitive construction (complex subject)
1.4.1 The for-to-infinitive construction
In the for-to-infinitive construction the infinitive (usually an infinitive phrase) is in predicate relation to a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the objective case introduced by the preposition for. The construction is used where the doer of the action (or the bearer of the state), expressed by the infinitive, is different from that of the finite verb (the predicate):
The doer of the action of the finite verb and of the Infinitive is the same: |
The doer of the action of the finite verb and of the Infinitive is not the same: |
He longed to see the truth. – Он очень хотел узнать правду. |
He longed for me to see the truth. – Он очень хотел, чтобы я узнал правду. |
All I want is to get out of here for good. – Единственное, чего я хочу, - это навсегда уехать отсюда. |
All I want is for Jack to get out of here for good. – Единственное, чего я хочу, - это чтобы Джек навсегда покинул эти места. |
In translating this construction into Russian a subordinate clause or an infinitive is used.
Eg. All I want is to get out of here for good. – Единственное, чего я хочу, - это навсегда уехать отсюда.
Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
The for-phrases have different syntactical functions in the sentence:
1. The Subject* |
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is |
good |
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□ It's easier for me to go out and buy |
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it was |
easy |
for smb to do smth |
a new pair of gloves. |
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will be |
impossible |
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Мне легче пойти и купить новую |
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пару перчаток. |
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□ It's easy for you to answer this |
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question. |
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Тебе легко ответить на этот |
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вопрос. |
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□ It is not for me to say so. |
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He мне это говорить. |
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2. The Object |
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a) |
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to wait |
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□ I'm waiting for you to come. |
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to arrange |
for smb to do smb |
Я жду вашего прихода. |
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to be anxious |
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П I have arranged for you to have a |
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private room. |
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Я договорился, что у тебя будет |
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отдельная комната. |
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b) |
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to make to think |
it |
difficult easy |
for smb to do smth |
□ Your attitude made it difficult for him to tell you the truth. |
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Ему было трудно сказать тебе |
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правду из-за твоего отношения. |
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3. The Attribute a) a) somebody There is nothing for smb to do smth b) It is only thing The right time for smb to do smth
4. The Adverbial Modifier of Purpose do smth for smb to do smth
5. The Adverbial Modifier of Result (too) cold wide (enough) for smb to do smth
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□ There is no one for the children to play with. Детям не с кем играть. □ There is nothing else for me to say Мне больше нечего сказать. □ It is not the right time for us to speak about it. Сейчас не время нам об этом говорить. □ It was the only thing for me to do. Это было единственное, что я мог сделать.
□ Не stood aside for us to pass by. Он отступил в сторону, чтобы мы могли пройти.
□ The day was much too cold and rainy for anyone to have a good time. День был слишком холодный и дождливый,чтобы кто-нибудь мог хорошо провести время.
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N.B!
It is It was It will be |
Nice Kind Sensible Silly Stupid tactless |
of smb to do |
□ It was silly of you to ask that question. С твоей стороны было глупо задать этот вопрос. □ It's nice (kind) of you to say so. Очень мило с вашей стороны так говорить (что вы так говорите). □ It will be very sensible of you to go there at once. Очень будет разумно, если ты пойдешь туда сейчас же.
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