I. Read and translate new words:

Vascular

Pericardium

Apex

Interspace

Costal

Septum

Atrium

Valve

Fibrous

Pulmonary

Portal

Chamber

Thick

dilate

contract

II. Read and translate the text:

The Heart and the Vascular System

The heart is an inner hollow muscular organ placed within the chest and included in the pericardium. The base of the heart is against the third rib. Its apex is against the interspaces between the fifth and sixth costal cartilages. The weight of the heart is about 300 grams in the male and about 220 gr. in the female.

The heart consists of two separate chambers divided by the septum. Each of the chambers has two connected parts: the atrium and the ventricle. The atrioventricular valves separate the atria from the ventricles.

The right atrium is larger than the left one, but the walls of the left atrium are thicker than those of the right one. The right ventricle is triangular (треугольный) in form and has thick walls. The right ventricle is the anterior part of the heart. The left ventricle is longer and more conical than the right one. The walls of the left ventricle are three times as thick as the walls of the right one. The valves are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.

The muscular structure of the heard consists of fibrous bands divided into two groups – the first ones are the fibrous bands of the atria and the second ones are the fibrous bands of the ventricles.

The vascular system consists of three groups of vessels—arteries, veins and capillaries.

The vessels carrying blood to and from the tissues of the body compose the general system. They are called the systemic vessels.

The pulmonary system is formed by the vessels carrying blood to and from the lungs.

The portal system is formed by the veins passing to the liver

Most of the arteries are composed of three coats. The arteries dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart.

III. Answer the questions:

1. What is heart?

2. Where is the heart located?

3. What is the structure of the heart?

4. What is the weight of the heart?

5. What is the atrium?

6. What is the ventricle?

7. What vessels of the vascular system do you know?

IV. Say true or false:

1. The weight of the heart is about 220 grams in the male and about 300 gr. in the female.

2. The muscular structure of the heard consists of fibrous bands divided into four groups.

3. The arteries dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart.

4. The right ventricle is triangular in form and has thick walls.

5. The heart is an outer hollow muscular organ.

V. Complete the sentences:

1. The heart consists of …….. …….. …….. .

2. The muscular structure of the heard consists of …… ……. …….. .

3. The vascular system consists of …….. …….. …….. .

4. The systemic vessels are ……. . …… …… .

5. The arteries ……. … ……… …….. .

VI. Grammar exercise:

Find the suitable adjective and use it in the correct degree:

1.Newborns hearts beat …… than adult hearts, about 70 -190 beats per minute

2.Coronary artery disease is …….. type of heart disease in the U.S.

3.The heart is one of ……. organs in the entire human body.

4.Aorta is …….. artery in the body, which originates from the left ventricle.

5.The human heart is a muscle designed to remain strong and reliable for a hundred years or … .

6.The right atrium is ….. than the left one, but the walls of the left atrium are ……. than those of the right one.

7.By reducing your risk factors for cardiovascular disease, you may help your heart stay …. longer.

8.The heart comprises …… than 0.5 percent of the total body weight.

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large, thick, fast, common, little, important, large, long,healthy