3.11. Choose the correct variant and complete the following sentences.

1. The first person who designed the earliest digital audio player was

1. Ricky Martin

2. Kane Kramer

3. A.Bell

2. By 2006 most MP3 players were sold as

1. stand-alone

2. musicphones

3. iPhones

3. The most serious hearing damage caused by audio players is:

1. hearing loss

2. difficulties understanding speech in noisy environments

3. tinnitus

4. DAP is connected to a personal computer via

1. CD-ROM

2. USB

3. cable

5. Most DAPs are powered by

1. external amplifiers

2. jack

3. rechargeable batteries

3.12. Match the English terms with Russian definitions.

1. Digital sampling	a. цифровой аудиоплеер
2. CD-ROM	b. цифровая выборка, дискретизация
3. USB	c. компакт диск, доступный только для чтения
4. DAP	d. универсальная последовательная шина

3.13. Read the following sentences and say whether they are true (t) or false (f).

1. The primary function of DAPs is video recording files.

2. The first company to release MP3 player was South Korean Saehan Information Systems.

3. The first artist to use a mobile phone was Ricky Martin.

4. All mobile phones today have MP3 players.

5. Buttons are used to ship through tracks or stopping/starting playback.

6. Every MP3 player is powered by replaceable rechargeable batteries.

7. Software for DAP is always downloaded from the manufacturer’s website.

8. Library of content is provided by the manufacturer.

9. Sound level of MP3 does not damage hearing at all.

10. Tinnitus is caused by bad listening habits.

3.14. Answer the questions to the text.

1. What is the primary function of MP3 player?

2. Why are some DAPs called portable media players?

3. What device was the immediate predecessor of the digital audio player?

4. How long was playback of Kane Kramer’s player?

5. What was the first company to announce a portable MP3 player?

6. Who was the first artist to sell songs as MP3 player file downloads to mobile phones?

7. What was the primary reason for developing iPhone?

8. What is “digital sampling” used for?

9. What are the common features of MP3 players?

10. What is the most common method of control in DAPs?

11. How is special software for DAP provided?

12. How is the library created?

13. What does the risk of hearing damage depend on?

14. What can you do to choose necessary track to listen to?

GRAMMAR

Passive Voice

3.15. Read and translate the following sentences paying attention to the tenses and voices.

1. Crystal valves were known long before the invention of vacuum tubes.

2. They were all made from materials which we now classify as semiconductors.

3. Vacuum tubes are still widely used.

4. Electrons are attached to a positively charged electrode.

5. Vacuum tubes are classified according to the number of electrodes.

6. The action of these devices was not understood.

7. These semiconductor devices were used as rectifiers.

8. The arrival of the mobile phone has transformed our lifestyles.

9. Women are actually spending less time on the phone.

10. Innovation in mobile phones has been happening so fast that it’s difficult for consumers to change their behavior.

11. The rich have been buying phones faster than the poor.

12. A lot of workers were dismissed because of bankruptcy of the company.

13. The applicants with the best scores are selected for an interview.

14. The speed with which arithmetic operations are performed is affected by a number of factors.

15. Many materials now commonly used were not even thought of thirty years ago.

16. Some important issues have not yet been resolved.