Vocabulary

reinforced-concrete – железобетон

slab – плита

contribution – вклад

creating – создание

precast – сборные

bin – бункер; ящик

moulding – литейный; формовой

appraisal - оценка

anticipate - предвидеть

installation – установка

lay-out– схема, планировка

elevation– подъем

mixer– мешалка, смеситель

equipment - оборудование

Exercises

1. Переведите текст на русский язык.

2. Сверяясь с текстом, подберите перевод из правого столбца к данным английским словам:

todesign1. промышленность

lay-out2.резерв,запас

industry3.проектировать

plant4.оборудование

equipment5.план,схема

margin6.завод

3. Подберите синонимы из двух групп слов:

to employ 1.works

plant 2.to have a right to

production 3.to make use of

to establish 4.manufactering

to deserve 5.to become greater

to increase 6.to set up

to keep in mind 7.to raise

to elevate 8.to keep in memory

4. Составьте предложения из данных слов:

a. Construction, in, building, most, used, widely, the, are, materials, three, and, gypsum, cement, lime.

b. By, lay, moulding, burning, and, brick,

ordinary, stone, an, artificial, of, is, made.

d. Directions, all, from, the, plant, of, building, the, to, should, yard, slope, the, main.

5. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык и запишите их:

Precast-concrete products

wall panels

building needs

young industry

economic consideration

potential requirements

well-designed plant

raw materials

original lay-out

storage bins

moulding machinery.

Unit 10

TEXT

Town planning

That cities should have a plan is now admitted in our time of large-scale construction and plan making has become an everyday activity. The purpose of a town plan is to give the greatest possible freedom to the individual. It does this by controlling development in such a way that it will take place in the interests of the population.

The new development absorbs or modifiers an existing environment, and so before it can be designed it is necessary to find out about that environment. It is also necessary to do research of the trends of population growth, the distance from work to home, the preferences for different types of dwelling, the amount of sunshine in rooms, the degree of atmospheric pollution and so on. After the survey is complete a forecast of future development is made in the form of a map, or series of maps: the master plan or development plan.

The plan is never a complete and fixed thing, but rather one that is continually being adapted to the changing needs of the community for whom it is designed. Until quite recent years town plans were always made as inflexible patterns, but history has shown that a plan of this description inevitably breaks down in time

The flexible plan, preceded by a survey, is one of the most revolutionary ideas that man has ever had about the control of his environment.

Most towns today have a characteristic functional pattern as follows: a central cоre containing the principal shopping centre, business zones, surrounded by suburbs of houses. Most town planners accept the traditional town pattern. In the preparation of a master plan they are preoccupied with the definition of the town centre, industrial areas, and the areas of housing; the creation of open space for recreation, the laying down of a pattern of main roads which run between the built-up areas and connect them to each other.