- •070209 "Режиссура театрализованных постановок и праздников",
- •071301 "Народное художественное творчество"
- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Defining London
- •Geography and climate
- •Districts
- •Annotations
- •Comprehension Check Exercises
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Annotations
- •Comprehension Check Exercises
- •5. Architectural unity has become part of London's character.
- •V. Do you remember?
- •The City
- •Annotations
- •Comprehension Check Exercises
- •V. Do you remember?
- •West End of London
- •Location
- •Activities
- •Districts in the West End
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •4. The areas closest to the City around Holborn, Seven Dials and Covent Garden historically contained … communities.
- •V. Do you remember?
- •East End of London
- •Annotations
- •Comprehension Check Exercises
- •2. The term East End was first applied to the districts immediately to the … of the medieval walled City of London.
- •3. A shabby man from Paddington, St Marylebone or Battersea might pass muster as … .
- •4. Throughout history the area has absorbed waves of immigrants.
- •V. Do you remember?
- •A rchitecture in London
- •Built environment
- •Annotations
- •Comprehension Check Exercises
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •3. What is One Canada Square? The British Museum
- •Annotations
- •Nelson's Column
- •Gallery
- •Other monuments to Nelson
- •Nelson's Four Victories
- •Lloyd's building
- •Annotations Comprehension Check Exercises
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Parks, gardens and squares
- •Trafalgar Square
- •Overview
- •The fourth plinth
- •Pigeons
- •Redevelopment
- •Politics and Economy
- •Annotations Comprehension Check Exercises
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Demographics
- •St Paul's Cathedral
- •The previous cathedrals
- •'Old St Paul's'
- •Wren's St Paul's Design and construction
- •[Edit] Description
- •[Edit] Post-Wren history
- •[Edit] Memorials
- •[Edit] Modern-day
- •[Edit] In popular culture
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Coronations
- •Burials and Memorials
- •[Edit] North Transept
- •[Edit] South Transept
- •Education
- •Annotations Comprehension Check Exercises
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Society and culture
- •Annotations Comprehension Check Exercises
- •I. Fill in the blank with the correct word:
- •V. Do you remember?
- •Inspiration
West End of London
The West End of London is an area of central London, containing many of the city's major tourist attractions, businesses, and administrative headquarters. It also includes most of its major theatres, and indeed the term "West End" has become synonymous with London's commercial theatre. Colloquially and symbolically, the West End can be seen as one of three poles in central London: the City for finance (and to a lesser extent business in general), Westminster for government (Whitehall and Parliament), and the West End for entertainment and retail.
Location
Located to the west of the historic Roman and Medieval City of London, the West End was long favoured by the rich elite as a place of residence because it was usually upwind of the smoke drifting from the crowded City. It was also located close to the royal seat of power at Westminster, and is largely contained within the City of Westminster (one of the 32 London boroughs). Developed in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it was originally built as a series of palaces, expensive town houses, fashionable shops and places of entertainment. The areas closest to the City around Holborn, Seven Dials and Covent Garden historically contained poorer communities that were cleared and redeveloped in the nineteenth century.
The name "West End" is a flexible term with different meanings in different contexts. It may refer to the entertainment district around Leicester Square and Covent Garden; to the shopping district centred on Oxford Street, Regent Street, and Bond Street (but the geographically distinct shopping district around Knightsbridge would also be counted as "West End Shopping" by some); or, less commonly, to the whole of that part of Central London (itself an area with no generally agreed boundaries) which lies to the west of the City of London. It is one of two international centres identified in the London Plan; the other is the Knightsbridge.
One of the local government wards within the City of Westminster is called "West End". It is bounded by the City of London to the east, the Thames to the south east, Horseferry Road and Victoria Street to the south, Grosvenor Place to the west and Piccadilly and Long Acre to the north. This is quite a narrow boundary. However, in the United Kingdom, ward boundaries are generally only familiar to people involved in local politics and administration, and this ward carries little weight as an "official" definition of the West End, and is not intended to do so.
Activities
Taking a fairly broad definition of the West End, the district contains the main concentrations of most of London's metropolitan activities apart from financial services, which are concentrated primarily in the City of London. There are major concentrations of the following buildings and activities in the West End:
Art galleries and museums
Company headquarters outside the financial services sector (although London's many hedge funds are based mainly in the West End)
Educational institutions
Embassies
Government buildings (mainly around Whitehall)
Hotels
Institutes, learned societies and think tanks
Legal institutions
Media establishments
Places of entertainment: theatres; cinemas; nightclubs; bars and restaurants
Shops
The annual New Year’s Day Parade takes place on the streets of the West End.