диафрагмированные волноводные фильтры / dd87e550-26a5-4bcb-829c-2ca9598b8566

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FIGURE 2.1

TA ANTENNA STRUCTURE (ABDELRAHMAN ET AL., 2014B)

10

FIGURE 2.2

(A) METAMATERIAL ANTENNA CONFIGURATION (B) RADIATION

12

CHARACTERISTICS (KAMADA ET AL., 2010)

FIGURE 2.3

(A) I-SHAPE COMPLIMENTARY TYPE TA LENS (B) REFRACTIVE

12

INDEX CURVE (Q. CHENG ET AL., 2009)

FIGURE 2.4

(A) METAMATERIAL BASED RECONFIGURABLE UNIT CELL (B)

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT PHASE CHANGE WITH CAPACITANCE

(C) MAIN BEAM SWITCHING USING 5X5 ARRAY (REIS ET AL.,

13

2014)

FIGURE 2.5

(A) COMPOSITE METAMATERIAL UNIT CELL (B) TRANSMISSION

COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND (C) PHASE WITH AND WITHOUT

14

SYMMETRIC PATCHES (XU ET AL., 2017)

FIGURE 2.6

(A) FRONT VIEW OF META-LENS (B) BACK VIEW OF THE PROTOTYPE

WITH VIVALDI SOURCE ANTENNA (C) MULTI-DIRECTIONAL BEAM

15

WITH 450 POLARIZATION OF SOURCE (CAI ET AL., 2018)

FIGURE 2.7

RECEIVE-TRANSMIT ARRAY ANTENNA CONFIGURATION (CLEMENTE ET

17

AL., 2012)

FIGURE 2.8

TOP AND SIDE VIEWS OF STRIPLINE BASED DELAY CIRCUIT (PADILLA

17

DE LA TORRE & SIERRA-CASTANER, 2007)

FIGURE 2.9

THE STRUCTURE OF RECEIVE-TRANSMIT ARRAY (PADILLA DE LA TORRE

18

& SIERRA-CASTANER, 2007)

FIGURE 2.10 (A) REFLECTIVE TYPE PHASE SHIFTER (B) TA ASSEMBLY MODEL

19

(PADILLA ET AL., 2010)

FIGURE 2.11 (A) BRIDGED-T TYPE PHASE SHIFTER (B) TRANSMISSION

COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE CHANGE WITH VARACTOR

19

DIODE CAPACITANCE VARIATION (LAU & HUM, 2012)

FIGURE 2.12 RECONFIGURABLE UNIT CELL WITH 1-BIT CONTROL (A) CROSS

20

SECTIONAL VIEW (B) TOP VIEW (CLEMENTE ET AL., 2012)

FIGURE 2.13 SIMULATED RESULTS OF RECONFIGURABLE UNIT CELL TRANSMISSION

21

COEFFICIENT

(A) FSS-BASED TA GEOMETRY (B) ARRANGEMENT OF MULTIPLE

LAYERS (RYAN ET AL., 2010)

22

TOP AND SIDE VIEWS OF DOUBLY BENT CROSSED DIPOLE UNIT CELL

(HSU ET AL., 2018)

23

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE FOR

DIFFERENT OBLIQUELY INCIDENT WAVES (HSU ET AL., 2018)

23

COMPARISON BETWEEN (A) SINGLE AND DOUBLE SQUARE LOOPS IN

TERMS OF TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT (B) MAGNITUDE (C) PHASE

CURVES (RYAN ET AL., 2010)

24

DUAL-BAND UNIT CELL (A) TOP VIEW (B) SIDE VIEW (WU ET AL.,

2017)

25

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE PLOTS FOR (A)

26

12GHZ (B) 18GHZ (WU ET AL., 2017)

(A) U-SHAPED ELEMENT (B) PBG ELEMENT (C) MULTILAYER

STRUCTURE (FAN ET AL., 2016)

27

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE FOR LENGTH

DY VARIATION FOR DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES (FAN ET AL., 2016)

28

(A) SIW-BASED FEEDING NETWORK (B) 4X4 ARRAY DESIGN WITH

SEQUENTIAL ROTATIONS (GUAN ET AL., 2016)

31

RESULTS FOR THE 4X4 SEQUENTIALLY ROTATED ARRAY WITH SIW

FEED ILLUSTRATING THE S-PARAMETERS, GAIN AND AXIAL RATIO

(GUAN ET AL., 2016)

32

(A) BOTTOM LAYER WITH A SQUARE PATCH (B) TOP LAYER WITH

TRUNCATED CORNERS PATCHES HAVING SEQUENTIAL ROTATIONS

(DIABY ET AL., 2018)

32

AXIAL RATIO VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR THE FULL TA USING

SEQUENTIALLY ROTATED TRUNCATED CORNER PATCHES (DIABY ET AL.,

2018)

33

(A) METASURFACE WITH APERTURE COUPLING (B) SEQUENTIALLY

ROTATED ELEMENTS BASED TA DESIGN (F. ZHANG ET AL., 2020)

33

(A) SIDE VIEW (B) TOP VIEW OF THE POLARIZATION

RECONFIGURABLE TA DESIGN USING THE TOP PATCH ROTATION

TECHNIQUE (KAOUACH ET AL., 2011)

34

TWO-LAYER FSS POLARIZER AND POLARIZATION CONVERSION

PRINCIPLE (GHALYON ET AL., 2017)

35

AXIAL RATIO VERSUS ELEVATION ANGLE PLOT AT 30GHZ FOR TWO-

LAYER FSS 9X9 UNIT CELLS (GHALYON ET AL., 2017)

35

CIRCULARLY POLARIZED TA UNIT CELL WITH (A) CROSS SLOT ON TOP

AND BOTTOM LAYERS AND (B) T-SLOT SHAPE ON THE MIDDLE LAYER

(TIAN, JIAO, & ZHAO, 2017)

36

GAIN AND AXIAL RATIO PLOTS FOR THE COMPLETE TA DESIGN

USING A THREE-LAYER UNIT CELL STRUCTURE (TIAN, JIAO, & ZHAO,

2017)

36

(A) CASCADED LOW PROFILE TA UNIT CELL WITH POLARIZER (B)

UNIT CELL RESULTS (NASERI, FERNANDES, ET AL., 2017)

37

(A) THIRD-ORDER META-FSS UNIT CELL (B) FSS SUPERSTRATE

WITH HORN ANTENNA FEEDING SOURCE (ZHANG ET AL., 2017)

38

(A) METASURFACE UNIT CELL COMPOSED OF THE RECTANGULAR LOOP

WITH DIAGONAL MICROSTRIP LINE (B) RIGHT-HANDED (C) LEFT­

HANDED METASURFACE (ZHU, CHEUNG, ET AL., 2013)

38

(A) APERTURE COUPLED UNIT CELL (B) GAIN AND AXIAL RATIO PLOTS

FOR THE COMPLETE TA DESIGN (VELJOVIC & SKRIVERVIK, 2020)

39

MEANDER LINE POLARIZER WITH AXIAL RATION RESULTS (NAKAJIMA

ET AL., 2018)

40

(A) DOUBLE-SIDED MEANDER LINE UNIT STRUCTURE (B) FULL VIEW

OF THE POLARIZER WITH EBG ANTENNA (ARNAUD ET AL., 2010)

40

(A) UNIT CELL FOR MLP (B) EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT FOR TE AND (C)

TM CASES (NAKAJIMA ET AL., 2018)

41

(A) MODIFIED MLP (B) EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL FOR

42

MODIFIED POLARIZER (JOYAL & LAURIN, 2012)

AXIAL RATIO VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR CONVENTIONAL (□) AND

MODIFIED (*) POLARIZER DESIGNS (JOYAL & LAURIN, 2012)

42

(A) DUAL-BAND SIW CAVITY-BASED ANTENNA WITH POLARIZER

SUPERSTRATE LAYERS (B) AXIAL RATIO VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR

THE COMPLETE CP ANTENNA (GRECO ET AL., 2018)

42

MICROSTRIP AND PLANAR FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNAS

(A) MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH DGS (SATHIKBASHA &

NAGARAJAN, 2020) (B) CPW FED CIRCULAR RADIATOR (HUSSAIN

ET AL., 2020)

46

(A) FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE TA UNIT CELL WITH BRIDGED-T

PHASE SHIFTERS (B) EXPERIMENTAL S11 AND S21 RESULTS FOR

UNIT CELL (LAU & HUM, 2012)

47

(A) A 2-BIT RECONFIGURABLE TA UNIT CELL (B) S-PARAMETER

RESULTS FOR ONE SWITCHING CONFIGURATION (CLEMENTE ET AL.,

2020)

47

(A) A 3-STATE RECONFIGURABLE TA UNIT CELL WITH

BIASING/CONTROL LINES (B) S-PARAMETER MAGNITUDE PLOTS (WU

ET AL., 2019)

48

(A) RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA WITH SUPERSTRATE ROTATIONS (B)

S11 RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT ROTATION ANGLES OF SUPERSTRATE

(ZHU, LIU, ET AL., 2013)

50

(A) ULTRA-THIN DUAL-BAND FSS UNIT CELL (B) TRANSMISSION

AND REFLECTION PLOTS (UNALDI ET AL., 2016)

51

(A) UNIT CELL WITH CAPACITIVE AND INDUCTIVE LAYERS (B)

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT PLOT FOR DIFFERENT SLOT GAP VALUES

(CHATTERJEE ET AL., 2018)

52

TWO-DIMENSIONAL TA (REIS ET AL., 2014)

55

(A) BEAM STEERING USING RECEIVER-TRANSMITTER CONFIGURATION

AND (B) FSS CONFIGURATION (SAZEGAR ET AL., 2012)

57

(A) BEAM RECONFIGURABLE TA WITH ROTMAN LENS FEED (B)

MEASURED RADIATION PATTERNS WITHOUT AND WITH THE

METASURFACE (KOU ET AL., 2019)

58

(A) 00 (B) 300 E-PLANE (C) 300 H-PLANE (D) FABRICATED TA

WITH PAA (E) MEASURED RADIATION PATTERN AT 00 AND (F) 300

IN E-PLANE (FENG ET AL., 2020)

58

(A) THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEW OF RECONFIGURABLE TA FED WITH

GAP WAVEGUIDE ARRAY (B) MEASURED RADIATION PATTERN

SHOWING THE BEAM SWITCHING (VILENSKIY ET AL., 2020)

60

THE PRINCIPLE FOR BEAM STEERING METASURFACE (YU ET AL.,

2019)

60

(A) RECONFIGURABLE TA METASURFACE LAYERS (B) RADIATION

PATTERN PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT SWITCHING CONFIGURATIONS (YU ET

AL., 2019)

61

(A) RECONFIGURABLE PATCH ANTENNA WITH COAXIAL FEED (B)

RADIATION PATTERN WITH BEAM SWITCHING IN AZIMUTH AND

ELEVATION PLANES (NAIR & AMMANN, 2010)

61

THE MULTI-LAYER VIEW OF BEAM SWITCHING ANTENNA WITH

ROTATABLE PHASE GRADIENT ARRAYS (ZENG ET AL., 2020)

62

MEASURED RADIATION PATTERN OF THE RECONFIGURABLE BEAM

ANTENNA

63

(A) HELICAL FEED SOURCE (B) METASURFACE (C) COMPLETE TA

STRUCTURE (D) MEASURED RESULTS SHOWING BEAM SWITCHING (F.

ZHANG ET AL., 2020)

63

(A) ACTIVE TA UNIT CELL SCHEMATIC VIEW (B) SIMULATED GAIN

VERSUS THETA PLOT FOR BEAM SWITCHING 400-ELEMENT TA

DESIGN AT 9.8GHZ (CLEMENTE ET AL., 2013)

64

(A) THREE-LAYER FSS STRUCTURE USING TWO DIFFERENT

SUBSTRATES (B) FSS PROTOTYPE WITH BIAS LINES TO CONTROL THE

VOLTAGE (C) 0 DEGREES BEAM IN UNTUNED CONFIGURATION AND

(D) PHASE VARYING FROM 0DEGREE TO 130DEGREES BY

CHANGING VOLTAGE FROM 0V TO 120V (SAZEGAR ET AL., 2012)

65

BEAM STEERING TA DESIGN (A) RECEIVING (B) BIASING (C)

TRANSMITTING LAYERS AND BEAM STEERING OBTAINED IN (D)

AZIMUTH PLANE AND (D) DIAGONAL PLANE (DI PALMA ET AL.,

2017)

66

FLOWCHART FOR LINEAR AND CIRCULAR POLARIZED FSS TA

DESIGN

72

FLOW CHART DIAGRAM FOR FREQUENCY AND BEAM

RECONFIGURABLE TA DESIGN

73

DSR-BASED TA UNIT CELL

75

SRR-BASED TA UNIT CELL DESIGN

76

DSR-CP-BASED TA UNIT CELL DESIGN

77

(A) RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE SECTION (B) SQUARE WAVEGUIDE

SECTION FOR UNIT CELL (C) SIDE VIEW FOR WAVEGUIDE TRANSITION

79

ILLUSTRATION

PARAMETRIC S21 MAGNITUDE PLOTS BY VARYING THE TRANSITION

LENGTH

80

PARAMETRIC PLOTS BY VARYING THE WAVEGUIDE CROSS-SECTIONAL

AREA

80

TA UNIT CELL CHARACTERIZATION SETUP USING RECTANGULAR TO

SQUARE WAVEGUIDE TRANSITIONS WITH THE UUT (UNIT CELL

UNDER TEST)

81

SIMULATED AND MEASURED S21 MAGNITUDE PLOTS FOR DSR-CP

2X2 UNIT CELL ARRAY

81

SIMULATED AND MEASURED S21 MAGNITUDE PLOTS FOR SRR 2X2

UNIT CELL ARRAY

82

FSS TA DESIGN CONFIGURATION WITH POSITION VECTORS AND ITS

COMPONENTS PLACEMENT

83

COMPLETE TA ANTENNA DESIGN STRUCTURE SHOWING THE

PLACEMENT OF FSS LAYERS WITH REFERENCE TO THE FEEDING

SOURCE

84

HORN ANTENNA CST SIMULATION MODEL (A) BACK (B) FRONT (C)

SIDE VIEWS (D) ISOMETRIC VIEW OF REAL-TIME X-BAND HORN

ANTENNA USED

85

THE S-CURVE FOR DSR-BASED UNIT CELL DESIGN

87

(A) DSR (B) SRR (C) DSR-CP-BASED TA LAYER DESIGNS

88

CIRCULAR POLARIZATION PRINCIPLE (YUSOFF & FAIRUS, 2012)

90

ARRANGEMENT OF MULTIPLE LAYERS IN CIRCULAR POLARIZED TA

DESIGN

90

MEANDER LINE BASIC STRUCTURE AND UNIT CELL MODEL IN CST

91

STUDIO

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR TWO INCIDENCE MODES IN CST

91

FABRICATED MLP SUPERSTRATE LAYER

92

FABRICATED PROTOTYPE OF CIRCULARLY POLARIZED TA USING

MLP

92

FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE TA DESIGN

93

DUAL-BAND UNIT CELL DESIGN WITH SEQUENTIAL ROTATIONS OF U-

SHAPE

94

FSS SUPERSTRATE DESIGN FOR FREQUENCY RECONFIGURATION

94

COMPLETE RECONFIGURABLE FREQUENCY TA DESIGN USING THE

NEW UNIT CELL-BASED SUPERSTRATE

95

THE PRINCIPLE FOR BEAM STEERING TA DESIGN (YU ET AL.,

2019)

96

ACTIVE 4X4 TA DESIGN USING NEW UNIT CELL

96

RECONFIGURABLE THREE-LAYER TA UNIT CELL DESIGN (A)

97

ISOMETRIC VIEW (B) SIDE VIEW AND (C) FRONT VIEW

ACTIVE 4X4 TA DESIGN USING NEW UNIT CELL (A) FRONT VIEW

OF TA (B) ISOMETRIC VIEW OF SIMULATED BEAM

RECONFIGURABLE TA MODEL (C) FABRICATED FINAL TA DESIGN

98

MEASUREMENT SETUP FOR (A) RETURN LOSS (B) RADIATION

PATTERN AND GAIN IN THE ANECHOIC CHAMBER

101

AXIAL RATIO MEASUREMENT SETUP OF CIRCULARLY POLARIZED TA

ANTENNA

102

DSR TA UNIT CELL (A) FRONT VIEW (B) ISOMETRIC VIEW

104

S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS THE PARAMETER LS FOR DIFFERENT

NUMBERS OF LAYERS

105

FIGURE 4.3

S21 PHASE VERSUS THE PARAMETER LS FOR DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF

LAYERS

105

FIGURE 4.4

SIMULATED AND FABRICATED 2X2 DSR-BASED UNIT CELL ARRAY

106

FIGURE 4.5

MEASURED S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR DSR

2X2 UNIT CELL ARRAY

107

FIGURE 4.6

FRONT VIEW OF SRR TA UNIT CELL

108

FIGURE 4.7

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF FOUR-LAYER SRR UNIT CELL

108

FIGURE 4.8

S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS PARAMETER 11 CURVES

110

FIGURE 4.9

S21 PHASE VERSUS PARAMETER 11 CURVES

110

FIGURE 4.10

S-CURVE FOR THE SRR UNIT CELL DESIGN

111

FIGURE 4.11

SIMULATED AND FABRICATED SRR-BASED 4X4 UNIT CELL ARRAY

111

FIGURE 4.12 PARAMETRIC S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS FREQUENCY SIMULATED

RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT LENGTHS 11

112

FIGURE 4.13

PARAMETRIC S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS FREQUENCY MEASURED

RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT LENGTHS 11

112

FIGURE 4.14

FOUR-LAYER DSR WITH CENTER PATCH UNIT CELL FRONT VIEW

113

FIGURE 4.15

FOUR-LAYER DSR WITH CENTER PATCH DESIGN USING FR4

114

FIGURE 4.16 TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE VERSUS LENGTH "1" FOR

MULTI-LAYER UNIT CELL DESIGN

114

FIGURE 4.17 TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT PHASE VERSUS LENGTH "1" FOR

MULTI-LAYER UNIT CELL DESIGN

115

FIGURE 4.18 TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT S-CURVES FOR THE FOUR-LAYER UNIT

CELL DESIGN USING FR4

116

FIGURE 4.19 (A) SIMULATED (B) FABRICATED 2X2 UNIT CELL PROTOTYPE USING

FR4 SUBSTRATE

117

FIGURE 4.20 PARAMETRIC S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS FREQUENCY SIMULATED

RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT LENGTHS IS

117

FIGURE 4.21

PARAMETRIC S21 MAGNITUDE VERSUS FREQUENCY MEASURED

RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT LENGTHS IS

118

FIGURE 4.22

SI 1 SIMULATED AND MEASURED PLOTS FOR X-BAND HORN

ANTENNA

120

FIGURE 4.23

(A) E-PLANE 2D POLAR PLOTS (B) MEASURED 3D RADIATION

PATTERN FOR X-BAND HORN ANTENNA AT 12GHZ

121

FIGURE 4.24 DSR-BASED TA DESIGN (A) FSS ARRAY LAYER FRONT VIEW

122

(B) ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE COMPLETE TA DESIGN

SI 1 VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR THE COMPLETE TA DESIGN

USING DSR UNIT CELL

123

RADIATION PATTERN E-PLANE POLAR PLOTS AT (A) 11GHZ (B)

12GHZ

124

THREE-DIMENSIONAL RADIATION PATTERN SIMULATED RESULTS FOR

COMPLETE TA DESIGN AT 12GHZ

124

PEAK GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR THE COMPLETE TA

125

ANTENNA DESIGN USING THE DSR

(A) FABRICATED SRR-BASED TA (B) COMPLETE FSS TA

PROTOTYPE WITH FEEDING SOURCE

126

SI 1 MAGNITUDE PLOT FOR COMPLETE FSS TA ANTENNA USING

127

SRR UNIT CELLS

GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR SRR TA DESIGN

127

(A) 2D RADIATION PATTERNS E-PLANE CO-POLAR PLOTS (B) 2D

RADIATION PATTERNS E-PLANE CROSS-POLAR PLOTS (C) 3D

MEASURED RADIATION PATTERN FOR SRR FULL TA ANTENNA

DESIGNS AT MAXIMUM GAIN

128

(A) FABRICATED DSR-CP TA (B) COMPLETE FSS TA

PROTOTYPE WITH FEEDING SOURCE

130

SI 1 SIMULATED AND MEASURED RESULTS FOR TA ANTENNA

131

SIMULATED AND MEASURED GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY

131

(A) E-PLANE POLAR PLOT COMPARISON AT MAXIMUM GAIN (B)

THE MEASURED 3D RADIATION PATTERN OF COMPLETE TA

132

ANTENNA AT MEASURED MAXIMUM GAIN FREQUENCY

FRONT VIEW OF MLP UNIT CELL

136

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF MEANDER LINE UNIT CELL

136

OPTIMIZED S21 (A) MAGNITUDE (B) PHASE PLOTS FOR 90

DEGREES PHASE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EX AND EY CONFIGURATION

UNIT CELLS

137

PARAMETRIC S21 (A) MAGNITUDE (B) PHASE PLOTS FOR

PARAMETER W VARIATION FOR EX AND EY CONFIGURATION

MEANDER LINE UNIT CELL

138

PARAMETRIC S21 (A) MAGNITUDE (B) PHASE PLOTS FOR

PARAMETER T2 VARIATION FOR EX AND EY CONFIGURATION

139

MEANDER LINE UNIT CELL

PARAMETRIC S21 (A) MAGNITUDE (B) PHASE PLOTS FOR

PARAMETER P VARIATION FOR EX AND EY CONFIGURATION

141

MEANDER LINE UNIT CELL

MEANDER LINE UNIT CELL

142

FABRICATED MLP SUPERSTRATE

143

CP TA ANTENNA FRONT VIEW

144

LAYER PLACEMENT FOR CP TA ANTENNA

144

FABRICATED PROTOTYPE OF CP TA

144

SI 1 SIMULATED AND MEASURED RESULTS FOR THE CP TA

ANTENNA

145

RADIATION PATTERN, GAIN, AND AXIAL RATIO MEASUREMENT SETUP

145

PEAK GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY CURVES FOR SIMULATION AND

MEASUREMENTS

146

AXIAL RATIO VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SIMULATIONS AND

MEASUREMENTS

146

(A) RADIATION PATTERN E-PLANE POLAR PLOTS AT 11,2GHZ AND

(B) 3D RADIATION PATTERNS AT 11.2 GHZ

147

PARAMETRIC SI 1 VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

POLARIZER DISTANCE

148

PARAMETRIC GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

POLARIZER DISTANCE

148

PARAMETRIC AXIAL RATIO VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

POLARIZER DISTANCE

149

FSS UNIT CELL DESIGN WITH SEQUENTIAL ROTATIONS OF U-SHAPE

152

S-PARAMETER PLOTS FOR UNIT CELL DESIGN FOR STRIP LENGTH =

3MM TO 3.9MM

153

FSS (3X5) SUPERSTRATE ARRAY WITH HORN ANTENNA

154

PARAMETRIC SI 1 PLOTS FOR HORN ANTENNA WITH 3X5 FSS ARRAY

AND STRIP LENGTH VARIATION IN THE RANGE OF 3 TO 3.9MM

154

GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOT FOR HORN WITH FSS ARRAY

155

POLAR PLOTS AT 9.5 & 12GHZ FOR STRIP LENGTH = 3MM

155

FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE TA DESIGN (A) ISOMETRIC FRONT

156

VIEW (B) ISOMETRIC BACK VIEW (C) SIDE VIEW

FABRICATED FSS SUPERSTRATE PROTOTYPE FOR RECONFIGURABLE

FREQUENCY TA

157

FABRICATED FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE TA PROTOTYPE

157

MEASUREMENT SETUP FOR (A) SI 1 (B) RADIATION PATTERN

157

SI 1 SIMULATED PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

/VALUES

158

SI 1 MEASURED PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

/VALUES

158

SIMULATED PEAK GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

/VALUES

159

MEASURED PEAK GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT

/VALUES

159

POLAR PLOTS FOR DESIGN FREQUENCIES OF (A) 11,2GHZ

( S T R 1=3) (B) 10.6GHZ (STR 1=33) (C) 9.9GHZ ( S T R 1=3.6)

(D) 9.2GHZ ( S T R 1=3.9) (E) 8.5GHZ (STR 1=4.2)

160

RECONFIGURABLE THREE-LAYER TA UNIT CELL DESIGN (A)

ISOMETRIC VIEW (B) SIDE VIEW AND (C) FRONT VIEW

164

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE PLOTS FOR THE TA UNIT

CELL USING DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

166

TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT PHASE PLOTS FOR THE TA UNIT CELL

USING DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

166

S-CURVE FOR FSS UNIT CELL REPRESENTING THE TRANSMISSION

COEFFICIENT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE PLOTS

170

ACTIVE 4X4 TA DESIGN USING NEW UNIT CELL (A) FRONT VIEW

OF TA (B) ISOMETRIC VIEW (C) SIDE VIEW

170

ACTIVE FSS TA SIMULATION RESULTS SHOWING THE SI 1

172

MAGNITUDE PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

ACTIVE FSS TA SIMULATION RESULTS SHOWING THE PEAK GAIN

PLOTS FOR DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

173

POLAR PLOTS (E-PLANE) SHOWING THE TILTING OF THE MAIN BEAM

DIRECTION FOR DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

173

(A) FULL FABRICATED TA PROTOTYPE FOR BEAM SWITCHING (B)

TA RETURN LOSS MEASUREMENT USING R&S 40GHZ VNA (C)

TA RADIATION PATTERN MEASUREMENT IN ANECHOIC CHAMBER

175

SIMULATED RETURN LOSS PLOTS FOR THE FULL TA PROTOTYPE WITH

DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

176

MEASURED RETURN LOSS PLOTS FOR THE COMPLETE TA PROTOTYPE

WITH DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

176

SIMULATED PEAK GAIN PLOTS FOR THE COMPLETE TA PROTOTYPE

WITH DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES

177

MEASURED PEAK GAIN PLOTS FOR THE COMPLETE TA PROTOTYPE

178

WITH DIFFERENT SWITCHING STATES