6094
.pdfYours,
Mary.
1.Which city is Mary in?
2.Where is she staying?
3.What’s the weather like?
4.How does she spend her time?
5.What are the Neapolitans like?
6.What do they look like?
7.What do they like eating?
8.What are Mary’s plans?
9.How does she recommend Naples?
10.What do you think about this city?
II. Read the letter and label the paragraphs with the headings below
∙opening remarks/reason for writing
∙writer’s feelings about visiting the city
∙city attractions
∙thoughts about London
∙closing remarks
1.Introduction (вступление)
2.Main body (основная часть)
3.Conclusion (заключение)
I. Dear Jenny,
How are you? I hope you are very well. I’ve got so much to tell you that I don’t know where to begin. Visiting London is so fantastic!
II. London is a really exciting city with a lot of things to do. No doubt, it attracts lots of visitors. There is so much to choose from, I sometimes find it hard to decide where to go.
III. London has so many attractions: from St. Paul’s Cathedral and Big Ben to Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament. London is well known for other things. I enjoy visiting the department stores on Oxford Street. Of course, I tried Harrods, the most exclusive shop in London. For evening entertainment the choice of
theatres is enormous. There is no end of plays to see.
IV. I guess (мне кажется) I could talk about London for days. It’s an exceptional place which has its traditional style and sense of history. I think you would love it.
V. Well, that’s all my news for now. Please write back. See you soon. Lots of love,
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Angela.
2. Now write a letter about visiting Harrods and London. Try to express your feelings about this place. Pay attention to the opening and closing remarks.
Unit 8
The architect’s job
I. Warming up (Разминка)
Listening & Speaking
1. Group work. Reflect on the following proverb about the master hand (мастер, специалист), interpret it and share your ideas with the class. Try to answer
questions persisting in your own opinion. The following lexis can be helpful:
“Not God but man makes pot and pan”. “He works bes t who knows his trade”.
master hand |
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мастер, специалист |
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to try hand at |
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попробовать (свои) силы (в чем-л.); |
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попытаться впервые сделать (что-л.) |
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ins and outs of the job |
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тонкости работы |
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professional |
knowledge |
and |
профессиональные знания и опыт |
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experience |
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to gain work experience |
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приобретать опыт работы |
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to adopt experience |
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перенимать опыт |
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to exchange experience |
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обмениваться опытом |
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self-improvement |
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самосовершенствование |
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to improve oneself in job |
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совершенствоваться |
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to master |
new knowledge |
and |
овладевать |
новыми |
знаниями, |
technologies |
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технологиями |
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Useful terms and phrases
2. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:
to translate the ideas into reality |
претворять идеи в жизнь |
interior decoration |
внутренняя отделка |
to generate ideas |
порождать идеи |
exterior designing |
внешняя планировка |
rules and regulations |
правила и инструкции |
building construction |
строительство зданий |
plumbing system |
внутридомовая система водоснабжения |
electrical supply |
электроснабжение |
site |
участок (для строительства), |
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строительная площадка |
estimated budget |
предполагаемая смета расходов |
to require |
требовать |
to manipulate the available space |
умело управлять доступным |
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пространством |
volume |
объём |
texture |
структура |
light and shadow |
свет и тень |
to achieve an aesthetic effect |
добиться эстетического эффекта |
to make architects differ from |
отличать архитекторов от |
to be concerned mainly with |
быть связанным главным образом с |
functionality and feasibility of the |
фунциональность и осуществимость |
design |
проекта |
proficient |
опытный |
engineering |
инженерно-конструкторские работы |
computer literacy |
компьютерная грамотность |
legal knowledge |
правовые знания |
building code |
строительный кодекс |
communication skills |
навыки общения |
to approve the design |
одобрять проект |
to apply to the authorities |
обратиться к властям |
to get permission for construction |
получать разрешение на строительство |
architect’s duty |
обязанность, долг архитектора |
to supervise |
осуществлять надзор за |
to inspect the progress of the |
наблюдать (инспектировать) за ходом |
building construction |
жилищного строительства (динамикой) |
additional skills |
дополнительные навыки |
sketching |
работа над набросками, рисование, |
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рисование эскизов |
to negotiate |
вести переговоры |
negotiating |
ведение переговоров |
man management |
управление людьми |
mathematical skills |
математические навыки |
legal matter |
правовой вопрос |
sharp mind |
острый ум |
observing skills |
навыки наблюдения, исследования |
computer-aided design and drafting |
автоматизированное проектирование и |
(CADD) |
изготовление чертежей |
to design |
проектировать, задумывать, |
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предназначать |
designing |
проектирование |
design |
замысел, план, проект, чертёж |
to enable |
давать возможность, позволять |
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to try innovative things |
проверять |
на |
опыте |
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новаторские/инновационные/ передовые |
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идеи |
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Vocabulary Focus
3. Pair work. Match the words and phrases to their translation: a.
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to translate the ideas into reality |
проверять на опыте инновационные |
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идеи |
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to approve the design |
автоматизированное проектирование |
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и изготовление чертежей |
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to achieve an aesthetic effect |
получать разрешение на |
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строительство |
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to apply to the authorities |
управление людьми |
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to get permission for construction |
претворять идеи в жизнь |
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to try innovative things |
одобрять проект |
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computer-aided design and drafting |
добиться эстетического эффекта |
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(CADD) |
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man management |
обратиться к властям |
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b. |
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mathematical skills |
правовой вопрос |
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to inspect the progress of the building |
фунциональность и осуществимость |
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construction |
проекта |
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sketching |
строительный кодекс |
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architect’s duty |
умело управлять доступным |
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пространством |
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to negotiate |
математические навыки |
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legal matter |
наблюдать за ходом жилищного |
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строительства |
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functionality and feasibility of the |
рисование эскизов |
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design |
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building code |
обязанность, долг архитектора |
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to manipulate the available space |
вести переговоры |
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c. |
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volume |
строительство зданий |
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light and shadow |
электроснабжение |
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exterior designing |
компьютерная грамотность |
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to generate ideas |
внутридомовая система |
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водоснабжения |
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estimated budget |
объём |
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building construction |
свет и тень |
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64 |
electrical supply |
внешняя планировка |
computer literacy |
порождать идеи |
plumbing system |
предполагаемая смета расходов |
II. Evocation (Вызов)
Listening & Speaking
4. Group work. Reflect on the following questions about the architect’s job and share your ideas with the group:
1.What is architecture and what does this profession deal with?
2.What does an architect do?
3.What skills should an architect possess? Ground your answer.
5.Group work. Report your ideas to the class in order to put them on the board.
6.Structure the received information in the form of the “cluster” ( графическая организация материала, показывающая смысловые поля того или иного понятия):
7.Group work. Prepare a presentation about the architect’s job and deliver the presentation to the class. Try to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion.
III. Realization (Осмысление) Reading
8.Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
1.What is architecture and what does this profession deal with?
2.What does an architect do?
3.What skills should an architect possess? Ground your answer.
4.What makes architects differ from engineers?
9. Read the text once again and make marginal marks (пометки на полях):
√ I knew it;
+ New information;
- The information contradicts my knowledge (противоречит моим представлениям);
? The information isn’t enough or understandable (непонятна или недостаточна).
10. Get ready to answer the following questions after reading the text:
5.What did you know about an architect before reading the text?
6.What information did you find new reading the text?
7.What information contradicts your knowledge?
8.What information isn’t enough or understandable for you?
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Architect
Becoming an architect is, no doubt, a very satisfying and most rewarding career. If you have got that intense desire to work hard and flair for designing and construction, you should plan your path meticulously to become an architect. Knowledge makes man expert, expertise makes wise, and
creativity makes perfect. If you incorporate all you can become a good architect in any area of interest. Many of
Architectural wonders like the Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, etc, have left us speechless. They were mere drawings, turned into a reality of a rigid construction by architectural brains.
An architect deals with designing and planning buildings. The first and foremost aspect of this profession is translating the ideas generated by the clients into a reality. It is making their dream come true. Apart from interior decoration and exterior designing, an architect must know rules and regulations for building construction. He must also plan out the plumbing system, electrical supply, and many other aspects related to the site. An architect must do it within the estimated budget of his client.
Architecture also requires manipulating the available space, volume, texture, light, shadow and other elements to achieve an aesthetic effect. This aspect makes architects differ from engineers, who are concerned mainly with functionality and feasibility of the design. An Architect mustn’t only possess creative imagination and draw dreams on the piece of paper. This specialist should be proficient in engineering, computer literacy, legal knowledge, building codes and have some excellent communication skills.
When the design is approved, an architect should apply to the authorities to get
permission for construction. One of the architect’s duties is to visit the site regularly to supervise (осуществлять надзор за) and inspect the progress of the building
construction.
Additional skills like sketching, negotiating, man management and good mathematical skills are very important for an architect. Knowledge of legal matters concerned with architectural profession, sharp mind and observing skills will definitely help in professional life. Knowledge of CADD (computer-aided design and drafting) makes designing very fast and enables architects to try innovative things.
11. Individual work. Read the text again and fill in the “marginal chart”:
√ |
+ |
- |
? |
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I knew that |
I didn’t know that |
The information |
The information |
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about … contradicts |
about … isn’t |
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my knowledge |
enough or |
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because … |
understandable for |
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me, because … |
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12. Pair work. Match the words from two columns to create a phrase and make sentences to use them in the text entitled “My conc ept of the architect’s job”. Share your ideas with the partner.
to deal |
an aesthetic effect |
to translate |
dreams on the piece of paper |
to know |
in engineering |
to plan out |
to the authorities |
to manipulate |
with designing and planning buildings |
to achieve |
the ideas into a reality |
to draw |
rules and regulations |
to be proficient |
the plumbing system |
to apply |
the available space |
Reflection (Рефлексия) Listening & Speaking
Prepare a presentation about architect’s job according to the text and deliver your presentation to the class. Try to answer questions persisting in your own opinion.
Unit 9
Frank Lloyd Wright
I. Warming up (Разминка) Listening & Speaking
1. Group work. Reflect on the following quote, interpret it and share your ideas with the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions:
“The architect must be a prophet... a prophet in th e true sense of the term... if he can't see at least ten years ahead don't call him an architect.” Frank Lloyd Wright
prophet, visionary, predictor, |
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пророк, предсказатель |
to predict/foresee |
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предсказывать |
in the true sense of the term/ in the full |
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в полном смысле слова |
sense of the word |
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to see at least ten years ahead |
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видеть, по крайней мере, на |
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десятилетие вперёд |
to look to the future |
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смотреть в будущее |
to keep up with the time |
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идти в ногу со временем |
to see a thing in a new perspective |
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видеть ч-л. в новом свете |
to see a lot of potential |
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видеть большой потенциал |
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to have different vision of |
иметь иное видение |
a man of vision/big picture person |
дальновидный человек |
a vision of the future |
картина будущего |
development prospects |
перспективы развития |
modern trends |
современные направления |
Evocation (Вызов)
Useful terms and phrases
1. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:
countryman |
cоотечественник, земляк |
monumental |
монументальный, обладающий |
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непреходящей исторической ценностью |
intimate space |
интимное пространство |
resort |
курорт |
filling station |
заправочная станция |
synagogue |
синагога |
beer garden |
пивная на открытом воздухе |
mechanical engineering |
инженерная механика |
to drop out |
бросать, оставлять (учёбу, занятия) |
practice |
дело (частная фирма) |
to transfer |
переходить, переводиться |
renowned |
известный, знаменитый |
to be responsible for |
быть ответственным за |
commission |
заказ |
private house |
частный дом, собственный дом |
found a practice |
основывать, создавать фирму |
some fifty |
примерно пятьдесят |
environs |
пригород, окрестности |
to showcase |
демонстрировать, показывать |
fieldstone |
щебень |
brick |
кирпич |
wood |
дерево |
to leave in the natural state |
оставлять в естественном состоянии |
as far as possible |
по мере возможности |
to fit harmoniously into the |
гармонично вписываться в окружающую |
surroundings |
среду |
spacious |
просторный |
low-slung |
низкорасположенный |
to regard |
считаться |
mature example |
совершенный образец |
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concrete |
бетон |
steel |
сталь |
glass |
стекло |
public building |
общественное здание |
to strive-strove-striven |
cтремиться, прилагать усилия |
to create an inviting atmosphere |
создавать доброжелательную атмосферу |
housing project |
проект застройки |
open mezzanine |
мезонин, полуэтаж |
lofty interior |
благородный интерьер |
to flood with light |
заливать светом |
a guild |
цех, гильдия, организация |
“Broad acre city” |
« Город поместий» |
to commission |
заказать |
extraordinary |
необычайный, незаурядный, удивительный |
device |
прибор |
cantilever |
консоль |
to describe |
описывать |
to exhibit |
показывать |
typical feature |
характерная деталь/ элемент |
natural style |
натуральный стиль |
to blend in with |
сочетаться, гармонировать |
coloring of rocks |
окраска скал |
to provide occasional accents |
обеспечивать дополнительный акцент |
to epitomize |
воплощать, олицетворять |
breath of nature |
дыхание природы |
solid ground |
твёрдый грунт |
to float |
плавать |
to promote harmony |
способствовать гармонии |
human habitat |
жилая среда |
retreat |
Приют, пристанище |
wide range of work |
широкий спектр работ |
Vocabulary Focus
2. Match the words and phrases to their translation: a)
a countryman |
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щебень |
to create monumental spaces |
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создавать фирму |
an architectural practice |
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переходить, переводиться |
the most renowned architects of their day |
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частный дом |
to be responsible for commissions |
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cоотечественник, земляк |
to transfer |
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создавать обладающие непреходящей |
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исторической ценностью пространства |
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a private house |
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архитектурная фирма |
to found a practice |
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самые знаменитые архитекторы своего |
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времени |
fieldstone |
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быть ответственным за заказы |
b) |
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to flood with light |
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сталь и стекло |
brick and wood |
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самый совершенный образец |
to leave in the natural state |
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бетон |
to fit harmoniously into the |
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заливать светом |
surroundings |
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comfortable and spacious |
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создавать доброжелательную |
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атмосферу |
the most mature example |
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показать характерные черты |
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натурального стиля |
concrete |
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оставлять в естественном состоянии |
steel and glass |
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гармонично вписываться в |
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окружающую среду |
to create an inviting atmosphere |
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комфортабельный и просторный |
to exhibit typical features of the “natural |
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кирпич и дерево |
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style” |
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c) |
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housing project |
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необычайный дом |
open mezzanine |
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описывать стиль |
flooded with light |
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характерная деталь/ элемент |
to commission a house |
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гармонировать с окраской скал |
an extraordinary house |
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обеспечивать дополнительный |
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акценты |
to describe a style |
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проект застройки |
a typical feature |
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открытый мезонин |
to blend in with the coloring of rocks |
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залитый светом |
to provide occasional accents |
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заказать дом |
d) |
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to epitomize the man |
широкий спектр работ |
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to live in harmony with nature |
производить впечатление на широкую |
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публику |
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to focus on the connection |
способствовать гармонии |
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to feel the breath of nature |
жить в гармонии с природой |
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to impress the general public |
олицетворять человека |
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human habitat |
фокусироваться на связи |
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