Lessons In Industrial Instrumentation-16
.pdf
3054 |
APPENDIX A. FLIP-BOOK ANIMATIONS |
Note how the height increase of the volume graph directly relates to the area accumulated by the flow graph . . .
Max. |
V |
0 |
Flow rate (Q) is the derivative of volume with respect to time
Q =
dV dt
Differentiation
Integration
Volume (V) is the integral of flow rate with respect to time
V = ò Q dt
+Max. |
Q 0 |
-Max.
A.4. DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION ANIMATED |
3055 |
Note how the height increase of the volume graph directly relates to the area accumulated by the flow graph . . .
Max. |
V |
0 |
Flow rate (Q) is the derivative of volume with respect to time
Q =
dV dt
Differentiation
Integration
Volume (V) is the integral of flow rate with respect to time
V = ò Q dt
+Max. |
Q 0 |
-Max.
3056 |
APPENDIX A. FLIP-BOOK ANIMATIONS |
Note how the height increase of the volume graph directly relates to the area accumulated by the flow graph . . .
Max. |
V |
0 |
Flow rate (Q) is the derivative of volume with respect to time
Q =
dV dt
Differentiation
Integration
Volume (V) is the integral of flow rate with respect to time
V = ò Q dt
+Max. |
Q 0 |
-Max.
A.4. DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION ANIMATED |
3057 |
Note how the height increase of the volume graph directly relates to the area accumulated by the flow graph . . .
Max. |
V |
0 |
Flow rate (Q) is the derivative of volume with respect to time
Q =
dV dt
Differentiation
Integration
Volume (V) is the integral of flow rate with respect to time
V = ò Q dt
+Max. |
Q 0 |
-Max.
3058 |
APPENDIX A. FLIP-BOOK ANIMATIONS |
Note how the height increase of the volume graph directly relates to the area accumulated by the flow graph . . .
Max. |
V |
0 |
Flow rate (Q) is the derivative of volume with respect to time
Q =
dV dt
Differentiation
Integration
Volume (V) is the integral of flow rate with respect to time
V = ò Q dt
+Max. |
Q 0 |
-Max.
A.5. GUIDED-WAVE RADAR LEVEL MEASUREMENT |
3059 |
A.5 Guided-wave radar level measurement
The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down and then up the waveguide of a guided-wave radar level instrument, relating the peaks on an echo curve to the real-world interfaces inside the process vessel.
3060 |
APPENDIX A. FLIP-BOOK ANIMATIONS |
Guided-wave radar level transmitter
Air
Oil
Water
Signal
Time
Received echo waveform plot
A.5. GUIDED-WAVE RADAR LEVEL MEASUREMENT |
3061 |
Guided-wave |
|
|
radar level |
Pulse generated |
Signal |
transmitter |
|
|
Air |
|
|
Oil |
|
Time |
|
|
Received echo waveform plot |
Water |
|
|
3062 |
APPENDIX A. FLIP-BOOK ANIMATIONS |
Guided-wave |
|
|
radar level |
Pulse generated |
Signal |
transmitter |
|
|
Air |
|
|
Oil |
|
Time |
|
|
Received echo waveform plot |
Water |
|
|
A.5. GUIDED-WAVE RADAR LEVEL MEASUREMENT |
3063 |
Guided-wave radar level transmitter
Air
Oil
Water
Signal
Time
Received echo waveform plot