УО «Барановичский государственный университет»
What is the ecology?
Выполнила: студентка 1 курса гр. ГЭ-11
White wolf
Ecology
•Term Coined by Earnst Haeckel in 1869.
•Derived from greek words: OIKOS(Home) +LOGOS(Study)
•Ecology is the study of organisms in their natural home interacting with their surroundings.
•The environment is all the things we need. We can not live without plants and animals. They help to make the soil, clean the water and air, and they give us all our food.
•Ecology is a science. Ecologists also study what happens to different species. They collect information about populations number, diet, form, size and behaviour.
•All organisms, both plants and animals, need energy to develop and all species of living things influence the lives of others.
Ecosystem
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.
Structure of Ecosystem
.
Living/ Biotic
Components
Ecosystem
Non-Living/
Abiotic
Components
Herbivores
Producers
Carnivores
Consumers
Omnivores
Decomposers
Detritivores
Physical components
Chemical
Components
Producers
•Producers are organisms which are able to manufacture organic compounds from inorganic substances from their environment.
•Producers are also known as autotrophs (derived from Greek words: “autos” meaning self and “trophe” meaning nourishment)
Consumers
•Consumers are organisms that eat producers or other consumers.
•They can be herbivores, carnivores, omnivores or detritivores.
Decomposers
•These are micro-organisms which break-down organic matter into inorganic without eating them.
•For example, fungi can grow on organic matter, such as a dead tree trunk or a piece of bread, and breaks it down.
•Eg: bacteria, fungi, etc.
Herbivores
.
•Animals who takes the energy by eating only plants.
•Also known as primary consumers.
•Eg. Rabbit, cattle, horse, sheep, insects, etc.