Адаптация животных к хроническим факторам

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɨɛ ɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɷɤɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɢɲɚ ɫ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɢɤɨɜ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɨɫɬɢ ɝ ɤɝ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɢɲ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɉɢɤɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɪɚɡɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɫ ɹɜɧɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɫɬɶɸ ɝ ɤɝ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɦ ɧɚ ɞɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɧɵɟ ɢ ɪɟɰɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɝ ɤɝ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ

Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɜɭɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɪɨɞɨɜ Plagiopyxis ɢ Hyalosphenia ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢ ɹɯ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɫɭɯɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨ ɦɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɤ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɋɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɦɢɪɚɧɢɟɦ ɰɢɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɞɢɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ Ɍɪɟɬɢɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɫɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɑɟɬɜɺɪɬɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɠɢɜɲɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛ ɳɟɫɬɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɦɺɛ: ɧɚ ɞɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɞɨɦɢ ɧɚɧɬɧɵɟ ɪɟɰɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɉɹɬɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɠɢɜɲɢɯ

ϮϬϲ

ɜɢɞɨɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɢ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɣɫɬ ɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɤ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ

Ʉ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɤ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɢɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ Ⱥɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɤ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɛɨɪɶɛɚ ɡɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬ ɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɮɚɤ

ɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɪɚɫɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɨɛɥɚ ɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟ ɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɢ ɨɬɛɨɪ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɤ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ

4.4 ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜ ɩɨɱ ɜɚɯ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɩɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɦɺɛ ɜ ɬɟɱɟ ɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɢɡɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɚɦɺɛ ɫɭɯɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱ ɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ

ϮϬϳ

Ɋɢɫ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝ ɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

ɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɞɨ ɝ ɤɝɪɢɫ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɑɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɬ ɫɹ ɜ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɦɺɛ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɥɨɟɧɢɢ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɜɵ ɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɱɜ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɥɺɧɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɬɟɤɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɹɜ ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɷɪɨɛɨɜ ɢ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɫɬ ɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɧɟɮɬɹɧɨɣ ɩɥɺɧɤɢ Ɍɨɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɬɯɨɞɹɬ ɧɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɥɚɧ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɡɦɟɧɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɱɬɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɱɜ ɫɭɯɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

ϮϬϴ

Ɋɢɫ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝ ɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɪɢɫ ɩɪɢ ɝ ɤɝ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɢ ɤɨ ɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɚɦɺɛ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɣɫɬ ɜɢɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ Ɋɢɫ

ϮϬϵ

Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮ ɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮ ɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɧɨɫɢɦɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɞɨ ɝ ɤɝ ɪɢɫ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɫɧɢ ɠɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ϮϭϬ

ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟ ɧɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɨɞɚ Nebela.

Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟ ɪɢɨɞ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ

ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɢɣ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɞ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɜɵɹɜɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɧɚ -1 ɢ ɞɟɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɧɵɣ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɚ ɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ Ɇɨɪ ɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɧɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɯɚ ɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɦɺɛ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨ ɪɨɞɚ Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɜɧɨɫɢɦɨɣ ɞɨɡɵ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɞɨ ɝ ɤɝ ɪɢɫ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɱɢɫ ɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɣ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɫɭɯɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚ ɬɨɱɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ

Ϯϭϭ

Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɮ ɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɝ ɤɝ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɰɢɣ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɧɚ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜɵɹɜɢɥɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɠɢɜɲɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɦɺɛ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɧɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜ ɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ȼɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜ ɚɧɚɷɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɢɤɪɨɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɨɦɭ ɭɪɨɜ ɧɸ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɇɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɜ ɞɢɚ ɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɝ ɤɝ- ɝ ɤɝ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɉɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɫ ɬɚɰɢɣ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɦ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɲɢɯ ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɥɭɝɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨ ɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɹɧɨɣ ɷɦɭɥɶɫɢɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɮɚɤ ɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ

4.5 Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɟɜɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɫɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ

ȼ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɧɟɮɬɟɞɨɛɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ Ɍɨɦ ɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɜɡɹɬɵ ɩɪɨɛɵ ɧɚ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɨ ɥɟɟ ɞɜɚɞɰɚɬɢ ɥɟɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɜ ɡɚ ɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɜ ɡɚɛɨɥɨɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɬɨɪɮɹɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜ ɧɚ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 4.8.

ϮϭϮ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɹ ɍɞ ± ɭɩɥɨɳɟɧɧɨ-ɞɢɫɤɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɦɨɪɮɨɬɢɩ ɉɥɤ ± ɩɥɚɝɢɨɫɬɨɦɧɵɣ ɫ ɤɨɡɵɪɶɤɨɦ ɐ± ɰɟɧɬɪɨɫɬɨɦɧɵɣ Ⱥɤɫ± ɚɤɪɨɫɬɨɦɧɵɣ ɫɠɚɬɵɣ Ⱥɦ± ɚɦɮɢɫɬɨɦɧɵɣ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɭɸ ɦɚɫɫɭ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɱɟ ɧɢɢ ɞɜɚɞɰɚɬɢ ɥɟɬ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɪɮɹɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ

ɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜ Centropyxidae, Euglyphidae ɢ Trinematidae Ɋɚɤɨɜɢɧ

ɤɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɢɩɚɦ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɱɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɢ Ȼɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɚɤɪɨ ɫɬɨɦɧɵɟ Ⱥɤɫ ɢ ɩɥɚɝɢɨɫɬɨɦɧɵɟ ɉɥɤ ɮɨɪɦɵ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 9 ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɪɚ ɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɫ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ. Ɍɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧ ɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɝ ɤɝ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɨɟ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɪɚɤɨ ɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ

ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɦɢ ɤ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ Heleopera petricola, Centropyxis orbicularis.

ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɚɰɢ ɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɝ ɤɝ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ Ʉ ɪɚɧɟɟ

ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ Arcella discoides, Assulina muscorum, Cyclopyxis eurystoma ɢ Euglypha laevis ɉɪɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɪɚɜɧɨɣɝ ɤɝ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɞɟɫɹɬɢ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ Amphitrema, Arcella discoides,

Assulina muscorum, Corythion dubium, Centropyxis orbicularis, Cyclopyxis eurystoma,

Heleopera petricola, Trigonopyxis arcula, Euglypha laevis, Trinema lineare. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟ

ɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɱɜ ɇɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ ɷɤɡ ɫ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɧɟɦɚɬɨɞ ɢ ɢɧɮɭɡɨɪɢɣ

ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬ ɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣɋɬɚɞɢɹ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɲɟɫɬɢ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɨ ɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɦɺɛɋɬɚɞɢɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɚ ɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɫɶɦɢ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ

3.Ⱦɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɰɢɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɵɦɢɪɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɚɡɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ

4.ȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɢɞɨɜɨ ɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɟɝɪɚɞɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ

ɍɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɚɦɟɛ ɢ ɢɯ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧ ȼɢɞɵ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɚɦɟɛ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɶɸ, ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦɭ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɧɟɮ ɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɨ

Ϯϭϰ

ɰɟɫɫɵ ɜ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɥɟ

ɛɚɧɢɣ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ȼɬɨɪɨɣ - ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɞɢɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɨɞɨɜ ɪɚɤɨ ɜɢɧɧɵɯ ɚɦɺɛ Ɍɪɟɬɢɣ - ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɚɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ Ⱦɢɮɮɟɪɟɧ ɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɞɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɧɵɟ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɜɵɦɢɪɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ȼɵɦɢɪɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɑɟɬɜɺɪɬɵɣ-ɜɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɠɢɜɲɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɤ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɧɟɝɨ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟ ɦɭɸ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɦ ɯɢɳɧɢɤɨɜ ȼɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɢɞɵ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɞɢɱɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɉɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɤɨɥɟ ɛɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɉɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɪɚɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ȼɵ ɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɜɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ Ⱥɞɚɩ ɬɚɰɢɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɚ

Ʉ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɤ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɢɫɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɤɨɥɟɛɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ Ⱥɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɡɚɤɚɧ ɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤ ɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɛɨɪɶɛɚ ɡɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ

ȽɅȺȼȺ ȺȾȺɉɌȺɐɂɂ ɋɈɈȻɓȿɋɌȼ ɄɈɅɈȼɊȺɌɈɄ Ʉ ɇȿɎɌȿɁȺȽɊəɁɇȿɇɂəɆ.

Ʉɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɤɢ Rotatoria ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɡɨɨ ɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɫɧɨɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɋɢɛɢɪɢ Ƚɚɥɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ ȼɟɠɧɨɜɟɰ ɢ ɞɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞ ɋɨɨɛ ɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɨɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ȼɢɞɨɜɚɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɦɧɨ ɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɨɤ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɢɦ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɪɟ ɞɵ ɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɉɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɨɤ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ȼ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ Ɇ ȼ Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɫɤɨɣ Ʉɚɪɬɚɲɟɜ ɋɦɨɥɢɧɚ Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ʉɚɪɬɚɲɟɜ Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɫɤɚɹɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɨɤ ɤ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɨɜɪɚɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɨɩɵɬɵ ɜ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɜɚɯ ɧɟɮɬɢ ȼ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ ɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɭɞɵ ɨɛɴɺɦɨɦ ɥ ȼ ɚɤɜɚɪɢɭɦɵ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɥɢ ɞɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ ɦ ɢ ɡɚɥɢɜɚɥɢ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɜɨɞɨɟɦɚ ɞɨ ɥ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɋ Ʉɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɢ ɢ ɝ ɥ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɚɪɚɥ ɥɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟ Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ ɚɤɜɚɪɢɭɦɵ ɫ ɧɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɞɨɧ ɧɵɦ ɫɥɨɟɦ Ɉɬɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɛ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɚɠɞɵɟ ɬɪɨɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɉɪɨɛɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɡɨɨ

Ϯϭϱ