1.2.3

UNIT 2(text A)

ВПР6

1)Buyers and sellers

2)employers

3)employees;

4)supply of labour

5)drop in its price

6)reduction

7)forces

8)relationship

9)short-term nature

10)diversity

11)unique

12)national

13)international

14)local

15)occupation under examination

ВПР12 Answer the following questions.

1. What may hiring practices within the firm determine?

For example, hiring practices within the firm may determine who can compete for particular jobs.

2. What are workers inside internal labour markets buffered from?

Workers inside internal labour markets are, to a certain extent, buffered from the supply and demand pressures of the external labour market.

3. What is another significant feature of the labour market?

Another significant feature of the labour market is the relatively long-term nature of the employment relationship.

4. Are other economic transactions of a short-term nature in comparison to the relationship that develops between a worker and a firm?

Оther economic transactions are of a short-term nature in comparison to the relationship that develops between a worker and a firm.

5. What is one important implication of the long-term relationship between workers and firms?

One important implication of the long-term relationship between workers and firms is that wages and employment levels are less-responsive to supply and demand forces than they otherwise would be.

6. When and why may firms choose to retain workers?

For example, firms may choose to retain workers during an economic downturn in order to avoid the costs or re-hiring or training when the economy picks up.

7. Why may firms choose not to reduce their workers‘ wages during a period of relatively high unemployment?

Firms may choose not to reduce their workers‘ wages during a period of relatively high unemployment due to concerns that wage reductions may have long-term negative impacts on the morale, productivity, and turnover of their staff.

8. What is another distinguishing feature of the labour market?

Another distinguishing feature of the labour market is the diversity in the characteristics of the service being traded.

9. How do workers differ?

Workers differ along numerous dimensions, including skills, abilities, work experience, educational background, work attitudes and motivations.

10. How do employers and the jobs they offer differ?

Еmployers and the jobs they offer differ according to such attributes as the nature and complexity of work, fringe benefits, working environment, promotional opportunities, and quality of employment relations.

11. What implications does the uniqueness of workers and jobs have?

The uniqueness of workers and jobs has two main implications.

First, labour market exchanges are dependent on numerous factors in addition to price. For example, workers may rationally ―trade-off‖ a high wage for job security or for a pleasant working environment. Second, it is important for both labour demanders and suppliers to acquire an adequate amount of information about the other party before transacting in the labour market.

12. What are the two most important ways in which the labour market can be subdivided?

The two most important ways in which the labour market can be subdivided are according to geographic location and occupation.

13. Which market is described as the national labour market?

If firms and workers are searching for each other throughout a country, the market is described as the national labour market.

14. What basis is the search for highly skilled technical and professional occupations often carried out on?

The search for highly skilled technical and professional occupations is often carried out on a national basis.

15. When is the market described as the local labour market?

If the area of search is within the local community, the market is described as the local labour market.

Market Leader

В.ст7

At the beginning of his career is person 2, in the middle of person 1, at the end of person 3.

С.ст7

1. Person 1 uses career break, career move, 2-career opportunities, career path, 3-career path, career ladder.

2. I believe that everyone's experience is a reference, because everyone has their own way and choice.

B.cт.8

1. What percentage of employers research candidates online?

The survey, which questioned human-resource managers at the top 100 companies in the UK, the US, Germany and France. found that 70 per cent admitted to rejecting a candidate because of their online behaviour.

2. Which social-networking sites are mentioned?

The text mentions such social networks as Facebook and Twitter. According to new figures released by Microsoft, checks on Facebook and Twitter are now as important in the job -selection process as a CV or interview.

3. Who do Peter Cullen and Farhan Vas in work for?

Peter Cullen works for Microsoft, Farhan Yasin, of online recruitment network Careerbuilder.co.uk.

F. cт. 8

1. In banking, you can get a promotion with the big bonuses and retire at 35.

У банківській справі ви можете отримати підвищення з великими бонусами та вийти на пенсію в 35 років.

2. When you do part-time work , you can arrange your own schedule, so this is very convenient when you have children.

Коли ви працюєте неповний робочий день, ви можете самостійно скласти свій графік, тому це дуже зручно, коли у вас є діти.

3. People who work in sales often have the opportunity to get a bonus on top of a basic salary.

Люди, які працюють у відділі продажів, часто мають можливість отримати бонус на додаток до основної зарплати.

4. Luke is ambitious and does not want to be a sales assistant all his life. In fact, he hopes to get a promotion and become Assistant Manager very soon.

Лука амбіційний і все життя не хоче бути продавцем. Насправді, він сподівається отримати підвищення і стати помічником менеджера дуже скоро.

5. Many students do part-time work when they are at university because it fits in with their studies.

Багато студентів підробляють, коли навчаються в університеті, тому що це відповідає їх навчанню.

6. Goran is 59, but he does not want to take a pension. In fact, he is taking on more work!

Горану 59 років, але він не хоче брати пенсію. Насправді він береться за більше роботи!

A.ст.9

1. She said that the company she works for is the largest independent television business in the UK.

2,I used to be the CFO of the chocolate pudding business, which was very different from television.

3. The basic skills that you need are, are similar in each case.

1.Вона сказала, що компанія в якій вона працює є найбільшим незалежним телевізійним бізнесом в Великобританії.

2.Раніше я була фінансовим директором шоколадно-пудингового бізнесу, який дуже відрізнявся від телебачення.

3. Основні навички, які вам потрібні, схожі в кожному випадку.

B.cт.9

When I was a student, although I was studying chemistry, I thought I would like to do something, different afterwards, and I actually did a summer internship with one of the big accountancy firms, which was an excellent way to get an understanding of what the job would be like. I started off as an auditor, and it was through that experience that I got my first job.

C. ст.9

1 — c) do not overcomplicate things;

2 — a) maintain clarity;

3 — b) be able to see the key point and the key decision you have to make.

D.ст.9

b) What is the key difference between people who work in finance and those who work in research?

A. ст.10 (a) making a request, b) making an offer, or c) asking about ability)

2. Could I confirm your email address? — a

3. Can you use spreadsheets? — c

4. Can you speak any other languages? — c

5. Could you tell us about job your present? — b

6. Could you tell me your current salary — a

7. Would you let us know our decision as soon as possible — b

8. When you can start — a

9. Would you like some more tea — b

В. ст. 10

6. Could you tell me your current salary — a) It's €60,000 a year.

3. Can you use spreadsheets? — b) Not very well, but I'm doing a course next week.

8.When you can start — c) I can let you know next week.

1. Can I get you a drink — d) Thank you. A cup of tea, please.

2. Could I confirm your email address? — e) The address is correct, but I've got a new mobile number.

9. Would you like some more tea — f) I'd love some. Thank you.

5. Could you tell us about job your present? — g) Well, I'm currently supervising an HR project.

4. Can you speak any other languages? — h) Yes, I can speak Korean and Japanese.

7. Would you let us know our decision as soon as possible — i) My notice period is two months.

B. ст.11

1.What is the purpose of each call? The purpose of the first call is to receive an application for advertising the second call is to pass the information to Giovanni the third is to find out the number of another workplace.

2.Do the callers know each other? Subscribers do not know each other.

C. ст.11

1) I`d like to speak to…

2) Thank you. Hold on…

3) I`ll put you through…

4) Hello. Is that Corina Molenaar?

5) Speaking

6) Yes, I'm phoning about your advert in Careers Now

7) Could you give me your name and address, please?

D. ст. 11

A: Hello. Could I speak to Giovanna, please?

B: I'm afraid she's not here at the moment. Can I take a message?

A: Yes, please. This is Johan from lntеc. Could you tell her I won't be able to make the training course on Saturday? She can call me back if there's a problem. I'm on 0191 498 005 I.

Ex. E. p. 11

K: Hi, Matt. Karl here.

M: Oh, hello, Karl. How are you?

K: Fine, thanks. Listen, just a quick word.

M: Yeah, go ahead.

K: Do you think you could let me have the other number for Workplace Solutions? I can't get through to them. Their phone's always engaged.

M: I've got it here. It's 020 9756 4237.

K: Sorry, I didn't catch the last part. Did you say 4227?

M: No, it's 4237.

K: OK. Thanks. Bye.

M: No problem. Bye.