- •Lecture 1.
- •Contents:
- •Literature:
- •Comparison vs. Contrast
- •Contrastive Grammar is a part of Contrastive Typology.
- •The final aims
- •Terms and notions of Contrastive Typology:
- •CG of English and Ukrainian
- •Grammatical phenomena of different languages can be contrasted according to:
- •Grammatical category is the system of opposed to each other rows of grammatical
- •Methods of Contrastive
- •Method of contrastive analysis is aimed at establishing isomorphic and allomorphic, dominant and
- •Comparing is done on the basis of
- •The (ICs) immediate constituents
- •The transformational method is employed:
- •Method of oppositions is used to establish grammatical categories.
- •The indexes method helps identify the quantitative co-occurrence or frequency of some feature
Lecture 1.
Introduction
to Contrastive Grammar Studies
Contents:
1.Linguistic status of Typology.
2.Practical aims of Contrastive Typology.
3.Fundamental terms and notions.
4.Contrastive Grammar as a part of contrastive linguistics.
5.Methods of research used in contrastive studies.
Literature:
1.Korunets, I.V. Contrastive Typology of the English and Ukrainian Languages. – Вінниця, 2003.
2.Karamysheva, I. Contrastive Grammar of the English and Ukrainian Languages. – Вінниця, 2012.
Comparison vs. Contrast
Contrastive Grammar is a part of Contrastive Typology.
The final aims
of Contrastive Typology research:
•1) to identify and classify accordingly the main isomorphic and allomorphic features characteristic of languages under investigation;
•2) to draw from these common or divergent features respectively the isomorphic regularities (закономірності) and the allomorphic singularities (відмінності) in the languages contrasted;
•3) to establish on the basis of the obtained isomorphic features the typical language structures and the types of languages;
•4) to perform on the basis of the obtained practical data a scientific classification of the existing languages of the world;
•5) to establish on this basis the universal features/phenomena, pertaining to each single language of the world.
Terms and notions of Contrastive Typology:
•Absolute universals
•Near universals
•Metalanguage
•Typologically dominant features
•Typologically recessive features/phenomena
•Isomorphic features/phenomena
•Allomorphic features/phenomena
•The etalon language
CG of English and Ukrainian
Object: the grammar structure of English and Ukrainian.
Subject matter: the peculiarities of expression of the main grammatical categories and syntactic structures in both contrasted languages.
Grammatical phenomena of different languages can be contrasted according to:
•the content (gr. meanings, categories);
•the expression means (synthetic and analytical);
•the type of functioning.
Grammatical category is the system of opposed to each other rows of grammatical forms with homogeneous meanings. The number of gr. categories can vary from language to language and depends on the language type.