687983_a1d9b_aliev_t_i_seti_evm_i_telekommunikacii

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

• 65E 9 5 799 C BCD, 65D5 E5 D 96! 59 5 7D8 5 7 D F7 5FC 7! 599 B BDCE (5 95 79 5 7A BC C 97A).

3.1.4.1. 12345637489A (568345637489A) BACD

A637A 6EB2 254 (pe2r-to-pe2r) – BCD B 7 95F 7 9 E 65EF8 DC 7E, 65D5 C E5 D BF548 5 7D8 CB B 7.

.C65D5 C 5 95 79 5 C BCD F5 54A D BF548 5 7D8 65EF8 DC 676 67 CBD C 7 5 C" BD79! B5BD7 C BCD, D76 67 CBD C C4C995 5 9C C4C995 5 BC C 7.

( DC6D 7 5 95 79 5 5" BCD 5F 7 797, CB4:

•654 CBD 5 F548 5 7DC4C" 9C F C 7CD 10;

•F548 5 7DC4 7BF545#C9 65EF76D95;

•5F 5B 7 D 799 9C 6 D 9;

•ECCDBA 9C5 5 E5BD8 F5 B D8 F 5 5 DC4895BD8 C6D 95BD8 5 B95" CADC4895BD F DCE B5 ECBD95 5 BF548 5 79 A 7"45 FC C "95 5 5 5 5 79 A.

6 564A 5E7:

•EC C997A BD5 E5BD8;

•F 5BD5D7 F5BD 5C9 A 6BF4 7D7! (9CD 9C5 5 E5BD BCDC 5E 7 E 9 BD 5 79).

-2 6 575 4:

•9C 548 5" 7 EC BCD, 5 'C 9A C" 5 95 9C 54CC 10 F548 5 7DC4C" (65EF8 DC 5), 5 7 7 5 FF;

•D 95 5 CBFC D8 54#9 7 D 9 5 E7! F 548 5E 7 EC C BCD.

% EC 7E 5 95 79 5 BCDC 5FC 7! 599 B BDCE A 4A DBA

LANtastic (E Artisoft), NetWare Lite (Novell). %5 C #67 5 95 79 5 BCDC" BD 5C97 D76#C 5FC 7! 599 C B BDCE Windows (Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 .) E Microsoft.

3.1.4.2. EACD CDF6 "DA3C-BA58A5"

3CD D F7 "64 C9D-BC C" B5 C #7D:

• DF 9F A – E5 9 C 65EF8 DC, 47 C C 7 C4ACE E EC# F548 5 7DC4AE BCD CB B7E F 7 4A C 5BD F5E 6 9 E 64 C9D5;

• 35CF7EA – EC9CC E5 9 C 65EF8 DC BCD, 47 C C 9C 7 C4ACE E CB B7E EC C 5BD F 6 CB B7E BC C 5.

( DC6D 7 BCD D F7 "64 C9D-BC C" 5F 7 797, CB4:

•BCD F479 CDBA 7 5D7 B C 9 E BCDC E CB B5E, 97F EC, 5 95 CEC997A 7 5D7 9CB65486 F548 5 7DC4C" B 5 C" 7 5" 799, 7BF545#C995" 97 BC C C;

•!C4CB55 7 95 B5B C 5D5 D8 BC 7 C4ACE C BCDC C CB B (97F EC, BCDC 5" F 9DC) 5 95E ECBDC 9C D C CDBA 5 C9 C 7 5 BD79! " EC# B5 5".

6 564A 5E7:

•B567A F 5 5 DC4895BD8 7 B CD 7 C4C9 A CB B5 BCD;

181

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

•5 E5#95BD8 5 79 7! C6D 95" 7 D 799;

•C6D 97A 5 79 7! A C C 95 5 65F 5 79 A 799;

• BF5B5 95BD8 F5 C # 7D8 7 5D BCD B5DC9 D BA F548 5 7DC4C";

•5 5 C 5 E5#95BD 4A 7B C9 A.

-2 6 575 4:

•D C D F5BD5A995 5 6 74 ! 5 7995 5 5 B4 # 79 A – 7 E 9 BD 5 79 A.

3.1.4.3.F 9F A 1

F 9F 1 – C4C99 " 65EF8 DC, 65D5 " F C 5BD7 4ACD E 65EF8 DC 7E BCD 5BD F 6 5 E BCDC E CB B7E. % 5 7EE7, C7 7A 97 B55D CDBD C 7F 5B F549A 7A , 97 7CDBA

D5 2 4 DF 9CD2.

3C C C4ADBA 97:

•7"4-BC C;

•F 647 9 C BC C.

(2)6-5 5 F C 5BD7 4ACD 5BD F 6 5 CE B65 5E F 5BD 79BD, 65D5 5E 79ADBA 5 C 5BD F9 C 7"4, , 5B95 95E, 5F C C4ACD 5 E5#95BD 123.

!624 5 5 5 F C BD7 4A D B5 5" B C BD 7 7B C9 A 5 E5#95BDC" 123 64 7 D BC A: BC C 7 799, BC C FC 7D, BC C C C 5 79 A, 76B-BC C D. .

3.1.5. 79 9A6 67572 93 27C 2 C DEF

+B95 95" A2 6 5756 123 – 974 C 5 79 C9 A 97 5 F 5DA#C995BD8 67 C4895" BCD, B5BD7 4A 9CB654865 B5DC9 ECD 5. 076 4A BD79 7 D7 Ethernet 4 97 BC EC9D7 (7BBD5A9 C 5D 5 95" 6 7"9C" BD79! 5 5") B5BD7 4ACD 9C 54CC 500 ECD 5 – 4A 4C6D CB65 5 67 C4A.

76B E74895C 7BBD5A9 C EC# EA 97 54CC 74C99 E 5D 7 (6 7"9 E) BD79! AE 97 7CDBA C4 FE 2 DFEC.

% 5BDC" " F D8 C4 C9 A 7ECD 7 BCD 654 CBD 7 65EF8 DC 5 – A6 6 2 2A5A7! 63 7A4 7 4! ."( B BF548 5 79 CE:

39CB65486 BCDC 7 7FDC 5 7"4-BC C C;

3F5 D5 DC4C";

3659!C9D 7D5 5.

3.1.5.1. BF4 4863DA 3AB 4 D BACA89 626FCA548

+ 95 FC 97 54CC F 5BD C C9 ", 97F 7 4C99 97 C4 C9 C 7 EC 7 45674895" BCD, – BF548 5 79 C 9CB65486 BCDC 7 7FDC 5 (B.3.4), D5 F5 54A45 C4 D8 7ECD BCD F5 D 5C F5 B 7 9C9 B 5 95BC EC9D95" 123. .7F EC, BCD Ethernet E5 45 D8 5 5 BC EC9D5, 67# " 65D5 EC4 5D C489 67 C489 B BDCE.

182

29E2 CEF56 (repeater) – F 5BDC" CC BCDC 5C BD 5"BD 5 4A F5BD 5C9 A E95 5BC EC9D9 123, B 4 7 " B 974, F54 C99 " B 5 95 5 BC EC9D7, FC C 7 " C 5 5" BC EC9D (B.3.5). %5 D5 DC48 F 9 E7CD B 974 5 95 5 BC EC9D7 67 C4A F5 D95 B 9 5995 F5 D5 ACD 5E BC EC9DC, 4 7A 5 E E5 95BD8 EF 48B5, 7 D76#C B 9 59 A EF 48B.

%5 D5 DC48 5 'C 9ACD 7 68 5A6 4 2A54#AB2 BCD 7 5D7CD 97 B7E5E 9 #9CE – 4 4#2 6 36EA2 OSI-E5 C4.

6 564A 5E7:

• F 5BD5D7 5 79 7! E95 5BC EC9D9 123;

•C C 97.

-2 6 575 4:

•97 DC4895C F5 C9 C 7 6 5 5 BC EC9D7, D.6. 7#C "ECBD9 C" B55 C9 A 5 95 5 BC EC9D7 FC C 7 DBA BCD8;

•B9 #C9 C F 5 5 DC4895BD (B65 5BD FC C 7 799) 3%*.

183

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

3.1.5.3. 43 A3C56C459

F5 B5C 9ACDBA 6 C 95" B C C 5 EC97 799 E EC# BD79! AE 123 – BC C 4 E7 BD 74895E 67974. % 5BDC" " 659!C9D 7D5 F C BD7 4ACD B5 5" A6 6F6356EBC F6E56345289 BF548 CDBA 67 CBD C !C9D 74895 5 47 123 B D5F545 C" « C 7».

&59!C9D 7D5 E5#CD ECD8 5D 8 5 32 F5 D5 4A F5 64 C9 A 65EF8 DC 5. *7489C" CC C4 C9 C 654 CBD 7 F5 D5 5BD 7CDBA F DCE 5 'C 9C9 A 659!C9D 7D5 5 C 9 " 5! ! "5 2, 676 D5 F567 795 97 B.3.7.

& 5EC F5 D5 4A F5 B5C 9C9 A 7 5 BD79! " B F5E5 8 D5" F7 659!C9D 7D5 E5 D ECD8 7 'CE 4A F5 B5C 9C9 A 6 B565B65 5BD95E E7 BD 74895E 67974 97 6576B 74895E 67 C4C 4 54565995-5FD CB65E 67 C4C.

3.1.6. 659 8 32 67C 9A5 9 DEF

.7 C6D 95BD8 96! 59 5 79 A 123 B CBD C995C 4 A9 C

F CE4CE5 5 5 9A 5 B4 # 79 A. CD5 5BD F7 6 B C C FC C 7 C74 DBA A7 7A789A6 36EA2 OSI-E5 C4.

962 !2" # 5 4 4 *2 F C BD7 4C97 97 B.3.8.

72 FDE9F77A 2DE – ECD5 5BD F7 E95#CBD 7 BCDC 45 6 5 C" B C C FC C 7 (97F EC, 5 C" 9C), 5B95 799 " 97 B5FC 9 CBD C BD79! " 7 5BD F 6 B C C FC C 7. &7# 7A BD79! A E5#CD F D7D8BA FC C 7 7D8 799 C 4 5" E5EC9D CEC9.

& ECD5 7E E95#CBD C995 5 5BD F7 5D95BADBA:

• B4 7"9 " 5BD F;

184

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

•D76D 5 799 " 5BD F;

•5BD F B 659D 54CE 9CB C" 5 97 #C9 CE 659 4 6D5;

•5BD F B 659D 54CE 9CB C" F C 5D 7 C9 CE 659 4 6D5.

CD5 5BD F7 123

95#CBD C99 " (9C F 7 4ACE ") 7 6C 9 " (F 7 4ACE ")

.7 54CC F 5BD E CBDCBD C99 E ECD5 5E 5BD F7 6 5 C" B C C FC C 7 A 4ACDBA 6 +2) ) 4 *, 5 97 7 ", D5 67# 7A BD79! A BCD 97 97CD FC C 7 67 7 E5EC9D C 5 F5A 4C9 A (5 E 5 79 A), 9C 7 B E5 5D D5 5, 79AD7 5 7A B C 7 FC C 7 4 B 5 5 97. 3B4 C 54CC BD79! " 5B CBD 4A D FC C 7 5 95 D5 #C CEA, D5 677 E95 B67#7 DBA, 5 9 67CD 6884 4!. .7 B.3.9,7) F567 79 B4 7", 65 7 C 7 5 C BD79! 131 132 97 97 D FC C 7 67 5 «&71»«&72» B4 7"9 C E5EC9D CEC9 t1 t2 B55D CDBD C995. 2 E5EC9D t2 5 9 67CD 6544 A (B.3.9, ), B67#7 7A 5 7 67 7. 5#95 F567 7D8, D5 65 ! C9D BF548 5 79 A 679747 B A F B4 7"95E ECD5 C 5BD F7 B5BD7 4ACD F EC 95 16%.

-EC98 C9 C 6544 " C4 C9 C 65 ! C9D7 BF548 5 79 A 679747 B A E5#CD D8 5BD 9 D5 7 B )D BF548 5 79 A 2! 2 4 *2, 65D5 " 764 7CDBA B4C CE. 2CB8

185

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

CEC995" 9DC 74 7 7CDBA 97 D76D 4 95" T, C 97 C9 C 1 54#95 D8 548 C CEC9 FC C 7 67 7 E76B E74895" 4 9. &7# 7A 7 5 7A BD79! A E5#CD 97 7D8 FC C 7 67 7 D54865 97 74C 5 C C 95 5 D76D7. 2 D5E B4 7C «&72» CD FC C 79 5E D76DC F5 5D95 C9 6 «&71» (B.3.9, ), 6544 A 9C 5 9 69CD. + 9765 B4C CD 5DECD D8, D5 5BD7)DBA 5BD7D5 95 B565" C 5AD95BD8 5 9 695 C9 A 6544 " DC B4 7A, 65 7 E5EC9D 5 E 5 79 A 67 5 7 9 BD79! A 567 7 DBA F C C47 5 95 5 D76D7. 2 B A B D E, 65 ! C9D BF548 5 79 A 679747 B A , 5DA C4 7CDBA, 95 9C 97 DC4895, B5BD7 4ACD F EC 95 32%.

,-5 5 ) 4 * ! 65 5 .5) / 2 -5 5 ! 6 ! (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection – CSMA/CD) – ECD5 5BD F7 6 B C C FC C 7, F 65D5 5E BD79! A, EC 7A 799 C 4A FC C 7, F 5B4 7CD 67974, D5 5F C C4 D8, 9C FC C 7)D 4 799 C D5 CEA 7A BD79! A. +DB DBD C B 9747 9CB C" 5 97 7CD, D5 67974 B 5 5 C9 BD79! A E5#CD 97 7D8 FC C 7. + 9765 9C B64 C95, D5 DC C9 C CEC9 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747 F5 B C C FC C 7 C BD79! F5 D 5 95 CEC995 D76#C 97 9 D FC C 7 B 5 799.

25 CEA FC C 7 BD79! A F 5 54#7CD F 5B4 7D8 67974, D5 5BD5 C D8BA 5DB DBD 6544 . 3B4 6544 A 9C 7 6B 5 797, 799 C B D7 DBA BFC 95 FC C 799 E.

% 5 97 #C9 6544 BD79! A F5 D5 ACD FC C 7 C C 9C65D5 5C B4 7"95C CEA. %5 D5 9 C FC C 7 F5 D5 A DBA 5 DC F5, F567 799 C 9C D BFC 95 FC C 79.

,-5 5 ) 4 * ! 65 5 .5) * 54 2.5 5 ! 6 ! (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance – CSMA/CA) – ECD5 5BD F7 6 B C C FC C 7, F 65D5 5E FC C 7 7 799 F C 7 ACDBA F5B 465" B 9747 456 5 6 (jam) B !C48 7 7D7 FC C 7 C" B C E595F54895C F548 5 79 C. $D5D ECD5 5BD F7 C65EC9 5 79 65E DCD5E IEEE 802.11 4A 2 F36E6 ABD

."(.

4 3F 7A 2DE F C F547 7CD 974 C BCD 67 7 BFC! 74895 5 5 E7D7, 97 7CE5 5 4 3F 2, 65D5 " 9CF C 95 ! 6 4 CD BCD F 7 4ACD F 5!CBB5E 5BD F7 7 5 BD79! " 6 B C C FC C 7 799. 2 67# " E5EC9D CEC9 799 C E5#CD FC C 7 7D8 D54865 D7 BD79! A, 65D5 7A 47 CCD E7 6C 5E. 17 5 7A BD79! A, 47 C 7A E7 6C 5E, F B5C 9ACD B 5" 67 799 6 E7 6C 5DF 7 4ACD 7 CB7D. % D5E 5 E5#9 7 4 9 C 2 2 5B 5 5# C9 A FC C 7 E7 6C 7 5" BD79!:

1)/-45 5 2 !5 2 24 5 2: 7 32 75 65 62 4A!25 E7 6C 5D 799 E5#CD BF548 5 7D8 C 5 4A 5DF 7 6 B 5C 5 67 7, CB4 D765 5" CBD8, 4 FC C 7D8 E7 6C 5" BD79!;

2)/-45 5 2 !5 2 * 2 565: E7 6C B F B5C 9C99 E 67 5E 799 C47CD F549 " 5 5 5D 65 62 4A!25 !

186

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

65F37E45282 ( C B Token Ring 4A B65 5BD 4 D/B), CB4 595 C 9 45B8 C 5 56; F 5D 95E B4 7C, D5D #C 67 B E7 6C 5E 97F 7 4ACDBA F5 D5 95 B C FC C 7 799;

3) ECD5 2 5 /-45 # 2 !5 2 ETR (Early Token Release), 65 7 7 5 7A BD79! A 5B 5 5# 7CD E7 6C B 7 F5B4C FC C 7 B 5 799 FC C 7)D C 5 5" BD79!, 9C 5# 7A 5 7 C9 A 5DF 7 4C995 5 67 7 799 ( C B Token Ring 4A B65 5BD 16 D/BBCD FDDI).

7 6C 9 " 5BD F BF548 CDBA BCDA:

•B 995" D5F545 C" 123 ARCnet: C65EC9 7! A IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus – E7 6C 97A 97);

•B 6548!C 5" D5F545 C" 123 Token Ring FDDI: C65EC9 7! A

IEEE 802.5 (Token Ring – E7 6C 95C 6548!5).

3.1.7. F527 2358 942 78 A656

+B95 9 E 7 7 5D 65E BD79 7 D5 4567489 BCDC" A 4ACDBA 65E DCD 802, 5 79 5 799 " 1980 5 IEEE. 2 7E67 D5 5 65E DCD7

5 CBFC 7 C F549C9 C 5B95 9 D C 5 79 " 6 5 79 7! BCDC", D76 676 5D6 D5BD8, 65BD8 B5 ECBD E5BD8. 3D79 7 D 123 5 7BD7 D 5F549C9 AE, 65D5 C 97 5 AD 5D 7#C9 C 5 5 97 C9 A 802. C 6, 97F EC 802.1p (BD79 7 D, 5F B 7 " F 5 DC 7! D 7 67 97 67974895E 5 9C), 7 D76#C F5F549A DBA 95 E BD79 7 D7E, 5D 7#7 E F5A 4C9 C 95 DC 9545 " 4567489 BCDC", 97F EC CBF 5 5 9 BCDC" 802.11 802.16.

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

123 Token Ring, BF548 C" ECD5 5BD F7 «E7 6C 95C 6548!5» (IEEE 802.5), 7 D76#C CBF 5 5 9 DC 9545 " FC C 7 799, CBD9 676

WiFi (IEEE 802.11) WiMAX (IEEE 802.16).

CD5 5BD F7 Token Bus – « E7 6C 97A 97», 5F B799 " BD79 7 DC IEEE 802.4, 4 C74 5 79 45674895" BCD ArcNET, 9C F54 C" 565 5 7BF 5BD 79C9 A.

3.2.CDE Ethernet

3.2.1.B!C6 A 6 67C

Ethernet – DC 9545 A 123, 7 7 5D7997A B5 ECBD95 E7E DEC, Intel Xerox (DIX) 5F 4 65 7997A 1980 5 C BD79 7 D7 Ethernet II 4A BCD B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 10 D/B, F5BD 5C995" 97 5B95 C 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A.

.7 5B95 C BD79 7 D7 Ethernet II 4 7 7 5D79 BD79 7 D IEEE 802.3, 65D5 " ECCD B4C C 5D4 A:

•6797489 " 5 C98 7 D 97 7 F5 5 9A: MAC LLC;

•9CBC9 9C65D5 C EC9C9 A 5 E7D 67 7 F DC #C E 9 E7489 E76B E7489 7 EC 7 67 5.

2 7 B E5BD 5D CB65" B C FC C 7 799 IEEE 802.3 F C BE7D 7CD 7 4 9 C 7 79D C74 7! 123 97 CB65E 5 9C:

•l0Base-5 – D54BD " 6576B 7489 " 67 C48;

•l0Base-2 – D596 " 6576B 7489 " 67 C48;

•l0Base-T – D7A F7 7;

•l0Base-F – 5FD5 545695.

21995 5 4 F 9AD BD79 7 D Fast Ethernet B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 B C FC C 7 100 D/B, 65D5 " F C BD7 4C9 C 5F549 DC4895 5 7 C47 802.3u 6 BD79 7 D IEEE 802.3.

21998 5 F 9AD BD79 7 D Gigabit Ethernet, 5F B799 " 7 C4C 802.3z 4A 123 B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 1 6 D/B.

22002 5 D C # C97 BFC! 67! A IEEE 802.37C 4A 123 B

F 5F B69 E BF5B5 95BDAE 40 6 D/B 100 6 D/B: 40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GbE) 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE).

%C C B4C99 C 7 79D 123 Ethernet 5 F5A 4C9 A B55D CDBD BD79 7 D5 B C C9 D7 4.3.1.

2 BD79 7 DC IEEE 802.3 5F C C4C9 256 6 5 F7, BF548 CE " BCDA Ethernet ( D5E B4C Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet) – CSMA/CD –

E95#CBD C99 " 5BD F B 659D 54CE 9CB C" F 5 C 65" BD54695 C9 ". &5EF8 DC 123 Ethernet F5 64 7 DBA 6 7 C4ACE5" B C C

B55D CDBD B D5F545 C" «5 7A 97» (B. 3.1), 65D5 7A 5 CBFC 7CD 5 EC9 799 E EC# EA 4 E 65EF8 DC 7E BCD. -F 7 4C9 C

188

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

5BD F5E 6 5 C" B C C FC C 7 C74 CDBA B C BD 7E BCDC 5 5 7 7FDC 7. &7# " BCDC 5" 7 7FDC, ECCD 9 67489 " 7 CB.

&7, FC C 7 7CE C BD79! AE, F 5 5 AD C C BCDC C 7 7FDC BC BD79! " BCD, 95 D54865 D7 9, 65E 7 CB5 79 799 " 67, F 9 E7CD 7F B 7CD C 5 C 7 7FDC 7 4A 7489C" C 5 5 E 5 79 A B55 C9 A FC C 7 C 5 F7EAD8 7 5 C" BD79!. 076 E 5 7 5E, 67# " E5EC9D CEC9 BCD E5#CD FC C 7 7D8BA D54865 5 9 67. 3B4 FC C 7 67 5 97 97 D 5 95 CEC995 C 54CC BD79!, 5 9 67CD 6544 A, C 48D7DC 65D5 5" BC 67 B67#7 DBA D C CDBA F5 D5 97A FC C 7 7 67 5.

27BD8 BCD Ethernet, BC 4 65D5 5" 7BF5 97 D 6544 , 9C 7 B E5 5D D5 5, 6765" 7BD D5" BCD 6544 A 5 9 647, 97 7CDBA

2 F72 3255C C (collision domain).

3D79 7 D IEEE 802.3 5F C C4ACD 5 79 C9 A, 9747 7CE C 97 7 EC

123Ethernet:

•E76B E74895C #4 86 57A 4C E 254 – 1024;

• E76B E74897A F365!%2AA6 59 254 – 3-4 6E;

•E76B E74897A 4 97 BC EC9D7 BCD (37 56!A42 2% 37CA4 4 57A 4! 4), 7 BA 7A 5D D F7 FC C 7 C" B C:

4 500 ECD 5 – 4A D54BD5 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A;

4 185 ECD 5 – 4A D5965 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A;

4 100 ECD 5 – 4A D5" F7;

4 2000 ECD 5 – 4A 5FD5 54565995 5 67 C4A. +B95 9 E D5F545 AE 123 Ethernet A 4A DBA:

•"/.2# 1 2", 65D5 5" 67 CBD C B C FC C 7 799 BF548 CDBA 6576B 7489 " 67 C48;

•"3 5342", 65D5 5" !C9D 7489 E 45E A 4ACDBA 659!C9D 7D5, 7 67 CBD C B C FC C 7 799 BF548 CDBA D7A F7 7 4 5FD5 5456599 " 67 C48.

3.2.2. "C C#6A4C 39 67 DEF Ethernet

&7 C4897A B BDCE7 BCD Ethernet A 4ACDBA 65EE 9 67! 5995" B C 5", F5 65D5 5" FC CEC 7 DBA 67 799. 3D79 7 D CB65 5

189

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

5 9A B5 C # D 5F B79 C (BFC! 67!) 67 C4C" 7 4 9 D F5, F 5 9 4A C74 7! BCDC" B ECD5 5E 5BD F7 CSMA/CD. + 5 97 C9 C BFC! 67! " CB65 5 5 9A B55D CDBD B5 BD79 7 D5E 802.3:

< >Base-<9>,

C < > – B65 5BD8 FC C 7 D/B – E5#CD F 9 E7D8 97 C9 A 10, 100, 1000, 7 B4 7C 7 D9 B65 5BDC" – 1G, 10G, 4G, …; Base – ECD5 FC C 7, 5 97 7 " 6 A6E6F686 A FC C 7 (Baseband); <9> – D F 67 C4A:

•2 – D596 " 6576B 7489 ";

•5 – D54BD " 6576B 7489 ";

•T – D7A F7 7 (Twisted pair);

•F – 54565995-5FD CB6 " (Fiber); … .

!D7292 252D748 (* # 2#, 5 4 6 2 2#) F F 4B4 (baseband)

– ECD5 FC C 7 799, F 65D5 5E ! 5 5" B 974 97F 7 4ACDBA 9CF5B C BD C995 B C FC C 7 C E5 4A! 9CB C", F D5E BA F545B7 F 5F B679 A BF548 CDBA 4A FC C 7 D54865 5 95 5 ! 5 5 5 B 9747. $D5D ECD5 5 C9 4A FC C 7 799 F5 679747E B 565" F545B5" F 5F B679 A 97 9C 548 C 7BBD5A9 A 7 76DC CDBA F 5BD5D5" C C 95" C74 7!, B A B CE 565 BF548 CDBA 123.

"C 232 252D748 F F 4B4 (broadband) – ECD5 FC C 7 799,

5B95 799 " 97 7BD5D95E FDM, CEC995E TDM 4 5495 5E WDM F45D9C9 B5 79 9CB65486 7BD5D9 4 CEC99B 679745, F5 65D5 E 9C 7 B E5 5D 7 E5 D FC C 7 7D8BA 9CB654865 F5D565 799.

*4A BC 7 79D5 CB65 5 5 9A DC 9545 Ethernet, 5 CBFC 7 F 5F B69 BF5B5 95BD8 10 D/B, BF548 CDBA

7A#2 523 62 6 436E7A42.

3.2.2.1. EFA D D 6 D 10Base-5

10Base-5 – BD79 7 D CB65 5 5 9A, A 4A "BA 7BD8 BD79 7 D7 IEEE 802.3 5F B 7 " 7 5D BCD Ethernet 97 D54BD5E 6576B 74895E 67 C4C (thick Ethernet), BF548 CE5E 67 CBD C 5B95 95" E7 BD 74.

.7 B.3.11 F567 79 2 2A5 123 Ethernet 97 D54BD5E 6576B 74895E 67 C4C. 17 5 C BD79! F5 64 7 DBA 6 E7 BD 74895E 67 C4 B F5E5 8 D 79B C 95 5 67 C4A, B5BD5A C 5 4- D F7 4 95" 5 50 E, F CE5FC C 7D 67 (D 79B C 7), 7BF545#C995 5 9CF5B C BD C995 97 6576B 74895E 67 C4C. 0 79B C F C BD7 4ACD B5 5" 4C6D CB65C BD 5"BD 5, 5B CBD 4A CC CB6 FC C 7 F )E 799.

17BBD5A9 C EC# B5BC 9 E D 79B C 7E 54#95 D8 6 7D95 2,5 E 4A B64 C9 A 4 A9 A BD5A 549 67 C4C 97 67 CBD 5 FC C 7 B 9747. .7 659!7 E7 BD 74895 5 67 C4A 7BF547 7 DBA DC E 97D5, F5 45 7 C 7BF 5BD 79A "BA 67 C4C 9 5 E7! 599 " B 974

190