- •Contents
- •Introduction and Plan of the Work
- •Chapter I
- •Of the Division of Labour
- •Chapter II
- •Of the Principle which gives occasion to the Division of Labour
- •Chapter III
- •That the Division of Labour is limited by the Extent of the Market
- •Chapter IV
- •Of the Origin and Use of Money
- •Chapter V
- •Of the Real and Nominal Price of Commodities, or their Price in Labour, and their Price in Money
- •Chapter VI
- •Chapter VII
- •Of the Natural and Market Price of Commodities
- •Chapter VIII
- •Of the Wages of Labour
- •Chapter IX
- •Of the Profits of Stock
- •Chapter X
- •Of Wages and Profit in the different Employments of Labour and Stock
- •PART 1
- •Inequalities arising from the Nature of the Employments themselves
- •PART 2
- •Inequalities by the Policy of Europe
- •Chapter XI
- •Of the Rent of Land
- •PART 1
- •Of the Produce of Land which always affords Rent
- •PART 2
- •Of the Produce of Land which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent
- •PART 3
- •DIGRESSION CONCERNING THE VARIATIONS IN THE VALUE OF SILVER DURING THE COURSE OF THE FOUR LAST CENTURIES
- •First Period
- •Second Period
- •Third Period
- •DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF THE PROGRESS OF IMPROVEMENT UPON THREE DIFFERENT SORTS OF RUDE PRODUCE
- •First Sort
- •Second Sort
- •Third Sort
- •CONCLUSION OF THE CHAPTER
- •Tables Referred to in Chapter 11, Part 3
- •Introduction
- •Chapter I
- •Of the Division of Stock
- •Chapter II
- •Chapter III
- •Of the Accumulation of Capital, or of Productive and Unproductive Labour
- •Chapter IV
- •Of Stock Lent at Interest
- •Chapter V
- •Chapter I
- •Chapter II
- •Chapter III
- •Chapter IV
- •Chapter I
- •Chapter II
- •Chapter III
- •PART 1
- •Of the Unreasonableness of those Restraints even upon the Principles of the Commercial System
- •PART 2
- •Of the Unreasonableness of those extraordinary Restraints upon other Principles
- •Chapter IV
- •Chapter V
- •Chapter VI
- •Chapter VII
- •PART 1
- •Of the Motives for establishing new Colonies
- •PART 2
- •Causes of Prosperity of New Colonies
- •PART 3
- •Chapter VIII
- •Chapter IX
- •Chapter I
- •Chapter II
- •PART 1
- •Of the Funds or Sources of Revenue which may peculiarly belong to the Sovereign or Commonwealth
- •PART 2
- •Of Taxes
- •ARTICLE I
- •Taxes upon Rent. Taxes upon the Rent of Land
- •Taxes which are proportioned, not to the Rent, but to the Produce of Land
- •Taxes upon the Rent of Houses
- •ARTICLE II
- •Taxes on Profit, or upon the Revenue arising from Stock
- •Taxes upon as Profit of particular Employments
- •Appendix to ARTICLES I and II.
- •Taxes upon the Capital Value of Land, Houses, and Stock
- •ARTICLE III
- •Taxes upon the Wages of Labour
- •ARTICLE IV
- •Taxes which, it is intended, should fall indifferently upon every different Species of Revenue
- •Capitation Taxes
- •Taxes upon Consumable Commodities
- •Chapter III
An Inquiry
Into the Nature
and Causes of the
Wealth of Nations
Adam Smith
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
4 |
Contents |
|
Click on page number to go to Chapter |
|
Introduction and Plan of the Work .................................................... |
12 |
Book One: Of The Causes Of Improvement In The |
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Productive Powers Of Labour, And Of The Order |
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According To Which Its Produce Is Naturally |
|
Distributed Among The Different Ranks Of The People ............... |
16 |
Chapter 1. Of the Division of Labour ................................................ |
17 |
Chapter II. Of the Principle which gives occasion to |
|
the Division of Labour.......................................................................... |
29 |
Chapter III. That the Division of Labour is limited by |
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the Extent of the Market...................................................................... |
35 |
Chapter IV. Of the Origin and Use of Money................................... |
41 |
Chapter V. Of the Real and Nominal Price of |
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Commodities, or their Price in Labour, and their Price |
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in Money................................................................................................. |
50 |
Chapter VI.Of the Component Parts of the Price of |
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Commodities.......................................................................................... |
73 |
Chapter VII. Of the Natural and Market Price of |
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Commodities.......................................................................................... |
83 |
Chapter VIII. Of the Wages of Labour ............................................ |
96 |
Chapter IX. Of the Profits of Stock ................................................ |
127 |
Chapter X. Of Wages and Profit in the different |
|
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
5 |
Employments of Labour and Stock ................................................. |
142 |
PART 1.......................................................................................................... |
143 |
Inequalities arising from the Nature of the Employments |
|
themselves................................................................................................. |
143 |
PART 2.......................................................................................................... |
169 |
Inequalities by the Policy of Europe........................................................... |
169 |
Chapter XI. Of the Rent of Land ..................................................... |
203 |
PART 1.......................................................................................................... |
206 |
Of the Produce of Land which always affords Rent .................................... |
206 |
PART 2.......................................................................................................... |
227 |
Of the Produce of Land which sometimes does, and sometimes |
|
does not, afford Rent ................................................................................. |
227 |
PART 3.......................................................................................................... |
245 |
Of the Variations in the Proportion between the respective |
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Values of that Sort of Produce which always affords Rent, and of |
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that which sometimes does and sometimes does not afford Rent ................. |
245 |
Digression Concerning The Variations In The Value Of Silver |
|
During The Course Of The Four Last Centuries ..................................... |
248 |
First Period.......................................................................................... |
248 |
Second Period ...................................................................................... |
267 |
Third Period ........................................................................................ |
269 |
Variations In The Proportion Between The Respective Values |
|
Of Gold And Silver ............................................................................... |
292 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
6 |
Grounds Of The Suspicion That The Value Of Silver Still |
|
Continues To Decrease.......................................................................... |
299 |
Different Effects Of The Progress Of Improvement Upon |
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Three Different Sorts Of Rude Produce.................................................. |
301 |
First Sort.............................................................................................. |
301 |
Second Sort.......................................................................................... |
304 |
Third Sort............................................................................................ |
317 |
Conclusion Of The Digression Concerning The Variations In |
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The Value Of Silver .............................................................................. |
330 |
Effects Of The Progress Of Improvement Upon The Real |
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Price Of Manufactures........................................................................... |
337 |
Conclusion Of The Chapter ................................................................... |
344 |
Book Two: Of the Nature, Accumulation, and |
|
Employment of Stock........................................................................ |
359 |
Chapter I. Of the Division of Stock.................................................. |
363 |
Chapter II. Of Money Considered as a Particular |
|
Branch of the General Stock of the Society, or of the |
|
Expense of Maintaining the National Capital ................................ |
374 |
Chapter III. Of the Accumulation of Capital, or of |
|
Productive and Unproductive Labour ............................................ |
438 |
Chapter IV. Of Stock Lent at Interest............................................. |
465 |
Chapter V. Of the Different Employment of Capitals................... |
477 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
7 |
Book Three: Of the Different Progress of Opulence in |
|
Different Nations ................................................................................ |
499 |
Chapter I. Of the Natural Progress of Opulence........................... |
500 |
Chapter II. Of the Discouragement of Agriculture in |
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the ancient State of Europe after the Fall of the Roman |
|
Empire.................................................................................................. |
507 |
Chapter III. Of the Rise and Progress of Cities and |
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Towns after the Fall of the Roman Empire .................................... |
523 |
Chapter IV. How the Commerce of the Towns |
|
Contributed to the Improvement of the Country.......................... |
538 |
Book Four: Of Systems of Political Economy................................ |
556 |
Introduction......................................................................................... |
557 |
Chapter I. Of the Principle of the Commercial, or |
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Mercantile System.............................................................................. |
558 |
Chapter II. Of Restraints upon the Importation from |
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Foreign Countries of such Goods as can be produced at |
|
Home..................................................................................................... |
589 |
Chapter III. Of the extraordinary Restraints upon the |
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Importation of Goods of almost all kinds from those |
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Countries with which the Balance is supposed to be |
|
disadvantageous.................................................................................. |
617 |
PART 1.......................................................................................................... |
617 |
Of the Unreasonableness of those Restraints even upon the |
|
Principles of the Commercial System ......................................................... |
617 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
8 |
Digression Concerning Banks Of Deposit, Particularly |
|
Concerning That Of Amsterdam ............................................................ |
625 |
PART 2.......................................................................................................... |
639 |
Of the Unreasonableness of those extraordinary Restraints upon |
|
other Principles.......................................................................................... |
639 |
Chapter IV. Of Drawbacks................................................................ |
654 |
Chapter V.Of Bounties ...................................................................... |
662 |
DIGRESSION CONCERNING THE CORN TRADE AND |
|
CORN LAWS ....................................................................................... |
686 |
Chapter VI. Of Treaties of Commerce ............................................ |
715 |
Chapter VII. Of Colonies................................................................... |
732 |
PART 1.......................................................................................................... |
732 |
Of the Motives for establishing new Colonies ............................................ |
732 |
PART 2.......................................................................................................... |
744 |
Causes of Prosperity of New Colonies........................................................ |
744 |
PART 3.......................................................................................................... |
780 |
Of the Advantages which Europe has derived from the Discovery |
|
of America, and from that of a Passage to the East Indies by the |
|
Cape of Good Hope ................................................................................... |
780 |
Chapter VIII. Conclusion of the Mercantile System .................... |
852 |
Chapter IX. Of the Agricultural Systems, or of those |
|
Systems of Political Economy which represent the |
|
Produce of Land as either the sole or the principal |
|
Source of the Revenue and Wealth every Country........................ |
880 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
9 |
Appendix.............................................................................................. |
917 |
Book Five: Of the Revenue of the Sovereign or |
|
Commonwealth ................................................................................... |
921 |
Chapter I. Of the Expenses of the Sovereign or |
|
Commonwealth ................................................................................... |
922 |
PART 1.......................................................................................................... |
922 |
Of the Expense of Defence......................................................................... |
922 |
PART 2.......................................................................................................... |
946 |
Of the Expense of Justice........................................................................... |
946 |
PART 3.......................................................................................................... |
963 |
Of the Expense of Public Works and Public Institutions ............................. |
963 |
ARTICLE 1.................................................................................................... |
964 |
Of the Public Works and Institutions for facilitating the |
|
Commerce of the Society And, first, of those which are |
|
necessary for facilitating Commerce in general. ......................................... |
964 |
Of the Public Works and Institutions which are necessary for |
|
facilitating particular Branches of Commerce. ............................................ |
976 |
ARTICLE II .................................................................................................. |
1013 |
Of the Expense of the Institutions for the Education of Youth.................... |
1013 |
ARTICLE III ................................................................................................. |
1049 |
Of the Expense of the Institutions for the Instruction of People of |
|
all Ages.................................................................................................... |
1049 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
10 |
PART 4......................................................................................................... |
1088 |
Of the Expense of Supporting the Dignity of the Sovereign ....................... |
1088 |
CONCLUSION .................................................................................... |
1088 |
Chapter II. Of the Sources of the General or Public |
|
Revenue of the Society..................................................................... |
1091 |
PART 1......................................................................................................... |
1091 |
Of the Funds or Sources of Revenue which may peculiarly |
|
belong to the Sovereign or Commonwealth ............................................... |
1091 |
PART 2......................................................................................................... |
1103 |
Of Taxes .................................................................................................. |
1103 |
ARTICLE I ................................................................................................... |
1107 |
Taxes upon Rent. Taxes upon the Rent of Land......................................... |
1107 |
Taxes which are proportioned, not to the Rent, but to the |
|
Produce of Land................................................................................... |
1119 |
Taxes upon the Rent of Houses ............................................................. |
1124 |
ARTICLE II .................................................................................................. |
1135 |
Taxes on Profit, or upon the Revenue arising from Stock........................... |
1135 |
Taxes upon as Profit of particular Employments ................................... |
1142 |
Appendix to ARTICLES I and II. ................................................................... |
1151 |
Taxes upon the Capital Value of Land, Houses, and Stock......................... |
1151 |
ARTICLE III ................................................................................................. |
1159 |
Taxes upon the Wages of Labour .............................................................. |
1159 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |
The Wealth of Nations: Book 1 |
11 |
ARTICLE IV ................................................................................................. |
1164 |
Taxes which, it is intended, should fall indifferently upon every |
|
different Species of Revenue..................................................................... |
1164 |
Capitation Taxes .................................................................................. |
1164 |
Taxes upon Consumable Commodities .................................................. |
1167 |
Chapter III. Of Public Debts .......................................................... |
1222 |
Adam Smith |
ElecBook Classics |