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Discover Content

The opportunity to use "smart city" tech to reinvent urban design and planning is real, but how does a smart citiy work? CNBC's Uptin Saiidi looks at three cities infusing technology into every part of its operations.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bANfnYDTzxE

Key smart city objectives

Match the smart city objectives with their explanations.

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Study Cases

Some pioneer cities have gone beyond simply using Building Information Model (BIM) and are now experimenting with using intelligent modeling for city development. The shift towards digitizing the whole city - infrastructure and all - is opening up new opportunities to link urban planning and urban design with BIM.

City Information Modeling (CIM) is the next step: developing a digital DNA of cities, or a ‘digital twin’. At its highest level of function, CIM acts as a kind of library that contains within it every conceivable piece of information about the city that it represents.

Do you want to know the population density of a particular city block? How about how traffic patterns affect commerce or real estate prices? What’s the combined carbon footprint of this cluster of buildings? How will changing weather events impact different areas of the city? All of these questions and more can be answered within CIM. Aside from modeling existing appearances, CIM also provides an integrated virtual platform in which any component of a city can be altered and analyzed.

Below you will find several examples of already existing services that partially implement this idea.

https://kartta.hel.fi/3d/ https://www.google.com/earth/ http://minstad.goteborg.se/minstad/index.do https://www.businesslocationcenter.de/berlin3ddownloadportal/#/

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Invent Ideas

The liveable city?

Russian cities have mostly developed a smart communication component, but other aspects are not that common. What would you improve in your home town to make it smart?

Project option 1. Prepare a promotional product (ad, brochure, handout, etc.) for a new smart app for smart home systems.

Project option 2. Create a project that would make your neighborhood smart (choose one or more aspects). Write a report convincing town officials to make a change that would improve your neighborhood.

Project Process

1)Select one area of smart city development;

2)identify the key problems of your hometown's development within this area;

3)identify the tasks aimed at solving the identified problems;

4)study the experience of solving similar problems in the world practice;

5)propose a project for the development of your home city as a "smart city" on the basis of successful practices;

6)develop a long-term action plan to implement your solution.

EXAMPLES OF SMART CITY SOLUTIONS

We have gathered 5 examples of smart city solutions that through practical cases illustrate how data and technology can facilitate energy efficiency, infrastructure, and ways of improving air quality in cities.

1. Nine utilities - one smart grid platform

As the amount of available data increases and can be generated in real-time, it can be used for much more than billing customers. Therefore, nine independent electricity, heat and water companies in Jutland, Denmark, joined forces to create a

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common data platform that allows technicians to use big data to optimise operations and maintenance of the infrastructure.

2. Reducing overflow waste by 80 % with Smart Sensors

The City of San Francisco has been struggling with growing cleaning costs and 10.000 public complaints about dirty and unsanitary streets every year. The Department of Public Works needed a solution to address citizen complaints and provide people with a cleaner city experience.

Nordsense was brought onboard to help the city mitigate overflowing waste containers, optimise the placement of bins, and improve collection routes. Sensors were initially installed in 48 of the city’s 3.800 public street bins. Thanks to this solution, San Francisco improved cleanliness on the city’s streets and is now empowered to deploy resources more strategically. During the pilot project, the city used data to achieve:

80% reduction in overflowing waste

64% reduction in illegal dumping

66% reduction in streets cleaning requests

After the highly successful pilot project, the city agreed to extend the smart sensor solutions to over 1.000 trash cans within the city area.

3. Data driven traffic management to improve air quality

Health problems related to bad air quality have become one of the biggest global expenses. Research shows that 80 percent of the population worldwide is exposed to pollution levels higher than recommended, where pollution from traffic is a major contributor. Today, traffic signals in Copenhagen are set to reduce travel time for the citizens, but a new project is focusing on guiding the regulation of signals according to what causes the least air pollution. The purpose of the experiment is to generate new knowledge about data-driven traffic management in relation to air quality.

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4. Combining multiple data sources in automatic leakage management

In the capital region of Demark, they listen carefully to their water distribution networks. The country’s two largest water suppliers, HOFOR and

Novafos, are transforming parts of their water distribution networks around Copenhagen with state-of-the-art technology. Here, noise loggers now listen for the sound of leaks. Smart water meters measure end user consumption. Intelligent valves and pumps enable active pressure management, which reduces the risk of bursts. The collected data was combined with SCADA and GIS in real-time hydraulic modelling and processed in online management information systems to facilitate automatic leakage management and online monitoring of KPIs. This enables leakage teams to target the weakest pipeline segments with the goal of reducing Non-Revenue water levels to 4-6 percent.

5. Full scale energy savings in Danish municipality

In the EU, buildings account for 40 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions. Denmark is already reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the utility sector, and therefore energy efficiency in buildings is central to achieving further reductions.

Since 2017 and for the next four years, Middelfart Municipality, in close cooperation with Schneider Electric, has been using analytical software Building

Analytics at the municipality’s 80 properties. The software platform analyses the large data volume generated by the buildings’ management systems and created action reports on energy, indoor climate and maintenance in real-time.

The action report encompasses specific suggestions on how to resolve an inappropriate operating situation. This enables the operating staff to respond quickly and take decisions anchored in fact-based analysis. The expectation is an annual energy saving of 5 percent in addition to the 21 percent the municipality has already saved through renovations compared to 2008 levels. Thus, the Municipality of

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Middelfart achieves a total savings of at least 26 percent of energy consumption in

buildings.

Self-Reflection Questions

So What?

•What are the important ideas you explored?

•What new understandings emerge?

•What strategies did you use to learn?

•Which worked well or didn't work well?

•What did you learn were your greatest strengths? Your biggest areas for

improvement?

What Next?

•How can you better support and encourage your teammates on future projects?

•What new questions do you have?

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"Nuts and Bolts" of Presentation

Explore Topic

Discuss the questions.

1.Why do civil engineers have to speak effectively?

2.When do civil engineers give presentations?

3.What tips would you give someone preparing for a presentation?

4.What do you think is the most difficult part of presentation?

5.What makes a presentation great? What makes a presentation bad?

Quotation Quiz

Match the items on the right to the items on the left.

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Discover Content

What kind of presentations do audiences like to see?

We tend to like presentations that

are presented by the speaker who shows little interest in his/her topic

are presented by the speaker who reads the slides

are delivered in a friendly, enthusiastic, and relatively informal way

have a series of similar slides full of text and diagrams

look like they were prepared specifically for us and make it immediately clear why we should be interested

don’t make us work too hard to follow what is being said—two or three main points, lots of examples, and not too much theory

are too technical, too detailed

are presented too fast, with a monotone, for too long

are presented by the speaker who clearly not practiced the presentation

tell us interesting, curious, and counterintuitive things

are professional and are delivered by someone who is credible and confident

entertain us and interact with us

have no clear introduction, a confused structure, and no conclusions

rely on animations

have clear slides, with minimal detail and helpful and/or entertaining images

Study Cases

Economical vs. ecological

Driving Question: how to represent information clearly

Even the clearest graphic can be counterproductive if it does not contribute to the goals of the report or presentation.

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Case

Study the situation below.

An engineer prepared the bar graph in Figure 1 to guide a client in choosing an appropriate gadget.

The client looked at the graph and decided to buy the Lumia.

“But wait” the engineer said. “The best gadget is the Ascend.”

Figure 1. Comparison of three weighted criteria

Task

In group try to create a visual that will incorporate all of the criteria and thereby be helpful for enabling the client to make a more informed and meaningful choice.

Hint: the type of graphic should allow the viewer to see all three criteria and compare across the three vehicles. Making use of the weighted value of each criterion might make the most meaningful representation. Note that eco-friendliness is the most important consideration.

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Invent Ideas

Project Option 1 "Presenting the research on construction industry"

1. For researching find information on:

a)types of sectors involved in the construction industry;

b)main construction companies in Russia or in your town;

c)trends in construction in your country or region with graphs and charts if appropriate.

Find out what, if anything, your survey says about

sectors with the most growth

building materials

design and planning

building technologies

job site safety

impact on the natural environment

construction law

trends

...

2. Prepare a presentation. Use charts and graphs if appropriate.

2.Make your presentation to the other members of the group. Try to answer any questions they ask.

3.As a group, decide what you liked about each presentation. Why was it interesting?