Komp_tehnologii_lektsii
.pdf,
( ).
,
,
:
∙(Wire);
∙;
∙(NIC, Network Interface Card);
∙(Hub);
∙(Switch)$
∙(Router, );
∙(Remote Server, -
);
∙( ).
– ,
.
, .
– ,
( ).
:
1), ;
2);
3)( , ,
), .
4).
5), ,
.
10
(Structured Wiring System)
,
,
.
–
.
.
–
( ,
).
.
,
,
.
" " (TP, Twisted Pair) :
(STP, Shielded Twisted Pair)
(UTP, Unshielded Twisted Pair).
. " "
,
.
" " . "
" (3, 4 5). ,
.
.
RG-58A/V 0,2
50 .
11
.
. 185 ,
, – 30.
BNC-
(Bayonel-Neill-Concelnan) (
, « ») .
(« »).
BNC- (
) .
,
Ethernet 50 .
, 0,4
50 , –
500 . ,
.
, .
. ,
50 . 15DIX-
(Digital, Intel Xerox).
, – .
.
.
.
« » . ,
.
, ,
, .
, , , .
,
,
– ( ).
(
) 10, 100 1000 .
12
, .
, UTP,
,
. ,
.
, ,
.
( )
(NOS, Network Operating System).
(NIC, Network Interface Card)
.
.
,
.
.
, ( )
,
(
) . ,
,
,
.
13
( ).
(Hub) – ,
"
.
.
, . ,
.
–
, .
:
,
,
(Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, FDDI ).
,
.
( ) –
, ,
" ".
( )
.
,
.
.
. ,
, ,
14
( ).
.
, ( )
.
,
.
,
).
.
(dual-speed)
. Ethernet 10
Fast Ethernet 100 ,
, .
– Ethernet Fast Ethernet, ,
,
.
,
, ,
, .
(Switch) – ,
.
– , ,
15
.
(data PABX).
( ,
), ,
.
.
,
10 100 ,
.
,
–
.
? ,
,
,
( ), MAC- (Media Access Control)
( ,
, ).
,
.
,
.
,
),
.
:
∙(LAN) -
(WAN);
16
∙.
( ,
TCP/IP, IPX, AppleTalk).
. ,
,
, ,
. ,
,
.
,
,
.
) ,
. ,
.
Internet . " "
" ".
, ,
, ,
,
.
,
. ,
, .
17
. ,
PC Card.
56 .
:
∙;
∙.
(NOS, Network Operating System) –
,
.
. ,
.
. , ,
,
. ,
.
,
.
,
. Windows 95, Windows NT, UNIX, MacOS, OS/2.
,
. ,
"
18
", (TCO, Total Cost of Ownership).
World Wide Web
,
, ,
,
.
, RMON RMON2,
.
,
,
.
,
.
, ,
, "
" .
1.5.1.Ethernet
Ethernet – .
IEEE 802.3, Ethernet
10 . Ethernet
(" " ).
, Ethernet .
,
.
.
.
19